Finite Element Simulation Insights into Electrodeposition Kinetics at the Interface of Planar Microelectrodes

Abstract

The electrodeposition kinetics that occur at the planar microelectrode/electrolyte interface are considered as the key theoretical basis for ensuring large-scale uniform deposition. Herein, the dynamic process of electrodeposition at the interface of planar microelectrodes can be visualized and analyzed under the condition of multiphysics coupling through the finite element simulation. The relationships among the potential gradient distribution, electrolyte conductivity, and electrode spacing on the microelectrodes were simulated by the finite element simulation, revealing the vertical potential distribution from top to bottom during electrodeposition. The immersed surface of the microelectrode into the electrolyte tended to the equipotential surface during constant voltage deposition. The cathodic electrodeposition was optimized to achieve uniform films of nickel cobalt layered double hydroxides on Au interdigitated poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates as flexible microelectrodes under the guidance of the simulated dynamic process, including electrode spacing, electrolyte conductivity, and deposition time and voltage. The flexible quasi-solid microsupercapacitors assembled by the PET microelectrodes can gain a decent energy density of 0.011 μW h cm −2 at the power density of 1.25 μW cm −2 and a long-term cycling stability with 85.53% capacitance retention after 20000 charge/ discharge cycles.

Carbon nanotube cross-linked phosphorus-doped MXene for capacitive pressure microsensors

“…Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) are favored among various energy storage devices due to their awesome performance with a long-term cycling stability, rapid charge/discharge, high power density, high-frequency response, and attractive reversibility. 4–6 At present, micro-supercapacitors are generally used as energy storage devices, and also have attracted continuous attention in the field of sensing. 7 In previous reports, human biosignals could be accurately detected by integrating carbon aerogels into strain/pressure sensors.…”

Theoretical and Experimental Aspects of Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

“…The DFT method can even be combined with finite element simulations to demonstrate the electrochemical deposition kinetics process at the complex electrode/liquid electrolyte interface, thus providing an important reference for experimental and mechanism analysis. [33][34][35] Herein, this work aims to design and prepare efficient OER catalysts by combining DFT as a theoretical tool with material structure characterization/analytical methods. The design ideas of OER catalysts are based on the current three typical reaction mechanisms as a pointcut (Scheme 1), including adsorbate evolving mechanism (AEM), lattice oxygen-mediated mechanism (LOM), and unconventional bifunctional mechanism (BM).…”