Finite Integration Technique capabilities for indoor propagation prediction

Zakharov, P. N.; Dudov, R.A.; Михайлов, Э. В.; Korolev, A. F.; Sukhorukov, A. P.

doi:10.1109/lapc.2009.5352394

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…RFID applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Practical use RFID implementation [9][10][11][12] Difficulties of UHF RFID implementation Empirical methods [16,17] Inaccuracy is increased with specific forms of the environment (e.g., corridors) Deterministic methods [18][19][20]31] Computationally demanding depending on the number of walls and obstacles Ray tracing (physics) [15,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]32,33] Calculation time increases with an increasing number of rays, inaccuracy in the calculation may occur due to the different number of incident rays Commercially available SW [21,22,[34][35][36][37] Some of the frequently used tools…”

Section: Category Papers Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the application of RFID deployment in an indoor area, these methods lack spatial information and energy changes due to multipath propagation, which is very important for defining the tag readability area [15]. Among the deterministic methods, Method of Moments (MoM) [18], Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) numerical method [19] and Finite Integration Technique (FIT) numerical method [20] are mentioned. These methods are accurate but are computationally complex and time-consuming [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of Radio Signal Propagation for UHF RFID Technology in an Indoor Environment Using Ray Tracing (Graphics) Method

Straka

Vojtěch²,

Neruda³

2022

Applied Sciences

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RFID systems are often used in industry to reduce costs, increase process efficiency and minimize human intervention. The challenge is to design an RFID system before it is implemented in a specific environment in the shortest possible time and at minimum cost while maintaining the accuracy of the results. In this paper, a new approach to predicting indoor UHF RFID signal coverage is presented. It is based on a graphical ray tracing method. Simulations are performed based on spatial analysis of the illumination of a 3D indoor environment created from a 2D floor plan. The results show a heat map representing the predicted RSSI radio signal levels using a color range. The approach is validated by comparison with the results of the empirical Multi-Wall model. The time complexity of the approach is presented. The proposed approach is able to generate a heat map with the accuracy of the empirical Multi-Wall model. The interior room equipment required to refine the results ought to be investigated in the future.

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Section: Category Papers Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Radio Signal Propagation for UHF RFID Technology in an Indoor Environment Using Ray Tracing (Graphics) Method

Straka

Vojtěch²,

Neruda³

2022

Applied Sciences

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“…Statistical methods present several limitations, including low accuracy in small cell sizes and are not applicable to spatio-temporal channel characterization required for many contemporary wireless systems (OFDM, MIMO, UWB etc.) [9]. Therefore deterministic methods have become the preferred technique for channel propagation simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 3D FIT approach was applied in [9] to radio propagation calculations over an area of 400 m 2 . The modelling geometry was based on a building layout with a specified location of windows, doors and significant metallic furniture through a simulation supported by a single processor computer with computing time less than 3 hours and 400MHz-900MHz frequency range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Channel Measurement and Prediction for 802.11n System

Dama

Abd-Alhameed

Salazar-Quinonez

et al. 2011

2011 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall)

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Significant improvements in the quality and reliability of indoor WLAN communications are claimed for devices with MIMO technology applying 802.11n standards, that allow users to achieve a theoretical data rate up to 300-600 Mbps on a single transmission. This paper presents an analysis of a commercial 802.11n MIMO 2×3 dual band (2.4 and 5 GHz) system focusing on the operational throughput performance over an indoor environment for Line of Sight (LOS) and Non Line of Sight (NLOS) scenarios. Efforts on combined field strength distribution, throughput, propagation-channel environments, of this system will be elucidated. The work is focusing on the operational performance of the physical measurements and results compared with simulation model over an indoor environment.

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“…At the end, in the ray capturing phase, the ray is estimated to have undergone an intersection with Rx or not, with a sphere area.Reflection, refraction, and diffraction phenomena of RT require highly-configured computer resources applied to radio wave propagation prediction by RT. Several numerical and RT techniques, such as SBRT, the predetermined integration technique [12], the prearranged element technique [13], the finite differences time domain (FDTD) [14,15], and the combined ray tracing and FDTD hybrid method [16] are used to improve the accuracy and reduce the computational time of the radio wave propagation prediction. Heuristic approaches perform well in simple environments at lower frequencies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor 3-D RT Radio Wave Propagation Prediction Method: PL and RSSI Modeling Validation by Measurement at 4.5 GHz

et al. 2019

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This article introduces an efficient analysis of indoor 4.5 GHz radio wave propagation by using a proposed three-dimensional (3-D) ray-tracing (RT) modeling and measurement. The attractive facilities of this frequency band have significantly increased in indoor radio wave communication systems. Radio propagation predictions by simulation method based on a site-specific model, such as RT is widely used to categorize radio wave channels. Although practical measurement provides accurate results, it still needs a considerable amount of resources. Hence, a computerized simulation tool would be a good solution to categorize the wireless channels. The simulation has been performed with an in-house developed software tool. Here, the 3-D shooting bouncing ray tracing (SBRT) and the proposed 3-D ray tracing simulation have been performed separately on a specific layout where the measurement is done. Several comparisons have been performed on the results of the measurement: the proposed method, and the existing SBRT method simulation with respect to received signal strength indication (RSSI) and path loss (PL). The comparative results demonstrate that the RSSI and the PL of proposed RT have better agreements with measurement than with those from the conventional SBRT outputs.Electronics 2019, 8, 750 2 of 17 of transmitter, and the propagation environment [4]. It is also challenging to optimize the actual position of the transmitter (Tx) by measurement to ensure acceptable system performance. Therefore, radio-propagation using a simulation tool for the indoor environment based on RSSI and PL has become a significant research tool [5].Weather conditions-such as floods, rains, clouds, or snowfall-have no effect on the indoor radio propagation; however, it can be influenced by the interior walls, furniture, doors, windows, and other household objects. These influences need to be considered for better indoor radio wave propagation modeling. Therefore, the indoor scenario has these objects, with Tx waves reaching the receiver (Rx) through multipath channels [6].Although practical measurement enables actual assessment of onsite performance, it requires a sizable amount of resources and effort. On the other hand, software simulation tools are easy to use and are an inexpensive way to obtain accurate results [7]. Nowadays, many researchers recommend the use of the RT technique for radio propagation prediction modeling [8].Based on the fundamental geometric optics (GO) theory and uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) principles, RT is extensively used in radio wave modeling, and is widely used in indoor WCS [9]. The RT full cycle has three steps: ray launching (RL), ray path sensing, and ray capturing by receivers [10]. The RL is the method of propagating straight rays in all directions in space. Normally, the rays are launched from the source of a Tx to the destination Rx by following the principle of GO and UTD. The complete ray path is traced, bearing the additional propagation features of transmission, reflection, and diffraction [...

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Finite Integration Technique capabilities for indoor propagation prediction

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Simulation of Radio Signal Propagation for UHF RFID Technology in an Indoor Environment Using Ray Tracing (Graphics) Method

Simulation of Radio Signal Propagation for UHF RFID Technology in an Indoor Environment Using Ray Tracing (Graphics) Method

Indoor Channel Measurement and Prediction for 802.11n System

Indoor 3-D RT Radio Wave Propagation Prediction Method: PL and RSSI Modeling Validation by Measurement at 4.5 GHz

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