<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">With the rapid advancement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology, their
assigned missions have become significantly more intricate. Individual UAVs are
no longer sufficient to meet these diverse and demanding requirements. There is
now a shift towards employing multiple UAVs operating collaboratively to address
complex tasks, replacing the reliance on singular units. This study focuses on
the complexities of coordinated flight within UAV formations. A dynamic
consensus optimal control algorithm is proposed for distributed formations,
grounded in optimal control theory. Furthermore, the enhanced control method is
validated via simulation on a semi-physical visualization platform, effectively
closing the gap between real-world formation requirements and simulation
outcomes. The results from these simulations underscore that the proposed method
effectively preserves UAV formation integrity and demonstrates exceptional
applicability in real-world scenarios.</div></div>