This study discusses the asymptotic consensus problem and finite-time leader-following consensus problem of second-order non-linear multi-agent systems (MASs) with directed communication topology. On the basis of the sliding mode control theory, a new distributed asymptotic consensus controller is proposed to ensure that the consensus of MAS can be reached as time goes to infinity. Another finite-time consensus control algorithm is also proposed based on terminal sliding mode control. The finite-time consensus controller can force the states of MAS to achieve the designed terminal sliding mode surface in finite time and maintain on it. The authors also can prove the consensus of MAS can be obtained in finite time on the terminal sliding mode surface if the directed topology has a directed spanning tree. Simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
IntroductionIn recent years, multi-agent systems (MASs) have attracted great attentions because of the wide practical applications. In many applications, a group of agents which can communicate with their neighbours are required to accomplish some challenging tasks together and the single agent can coordinate with the other agents by sharing its information with its neighbours. If all the agents in the group can reach an agreement, then the agents can reach the consensus. A consensus algorithm or protocol is an interaction rule that specifies the information exchange between an agent and all of its neighbours on the network [1]. The works on consensus problem have primarily studied the first-order MAS [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Compared with the first-order MAS, the consensus problem of the secondorder MAS is more difficult and complicated. As the consensus of second-order systems not only contains the position consensus like in first-order MAS but also contains the velocity consensus. A necessary condition presented in [8] to solve consensus problem of second-order MAS was that the graph had a (directed) spanning tree. The second-order consensus of MAS has been discussed in [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Most of works on MAS have a common feature that their systems are linear, for example [4, 9-11, 15, 16]. The consensus investigation of non-linear systems is more challenging than that of the linear systems. However, non-linearity is ubiquitous in physical phenomena, and many works have been done to research the nonlinear dynamic system, for example [17][18][19][20][21][22] and references therein. A class of non-linear system with unknown constant parameters was discussed in [17] and the backstepping technique was used to solve the robust adaptive failure compensation problem of hysteretic actuators. However, the unknown non-linear parts of the system in [17] were assumed to be linearly parameterised, that is, the unknown non-linear function of the dynamics model could be written in the form of a i f i where a i was the unknown constant and f i was the known non-linear function. In [20][21][22], the completely unknown non-linear dynamics were co...