“…Since the NN model described by the fractional-order differential systems can describe the characteristics and properties of dynamical systems more efficiently and accurately, fractional-order NNs have received considerable attention. Many important and interesting problems on fractional-order neural networks (FONNs) such as Lyapunov stability (Yang et al, 2018; Yao et al, 2020; Zhang et al, 2017), finite-time stability (Yang et al, 2021; Wu et al, 2015), passivity analysis (Ding et al, 2019; Padmaja and Balasubramaniam, 2021; Sau et al, 2020; Thuan et al, 2020), synchronization (Wang et al, 2019a), state estimation (Nagamani et al, 2020), guaranteed cost control (Thuan and Huong, 2019), and H ∞ control problems (Sau et al, 2021; Thuan et al, 2020) have been studied by many authors. Note that almost all research investigation concentrated on the fractional-order local field NNs (Ding et al, 2019; Nagamani et al, 2020; Padmaja and Balasubramaniam, 2021; Sau et al, 2020; Thuan and Huong, 2019; Thuan et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2019a; Wu et al, 2015; Yang et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2017), while relatively few of them concentrated on the fractional-order static neural networks (FOSNNs) (Wu et al, 2016a, 2016b, 2018; Wu and Zou, 2014; Yao et al, 2020; Yang et al, 2021).…”