Finland, Sweden and NATO Membership

Alberque, William; Schreer, Benjamin

doi:10.1080/00396338.2022.2078046

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…While China is not considered a direct threat in the Arctic, NATO acknowledges the strategic implications of China's regional activities. With Finland's recent NATO accession in 2023 and Sweden's impending membership following the decision at the 2023 Vilnius summit, NATO's presence and influence in the Arctic are set to amplify, thereby enhancing its situational awareness and capabilities in the Arctic (Alberque & Schreer, 2022).…”

Section: Natomentioning

confidence: 99%

China's Arctic Aspirations and Polar Silk Road: Implications for Great Power Competition

Türker

2024

Current Perspectives in Social Sciences

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This article offers an in-depth exploration of China's Arctic aspirations, with a specific focus on the development of the Polar Silk Road (PSR), and the ensuing implications for the dynamics of global power. The Arctic region, once considered remote and inaccessible, is undergoing a transformation largely driven by climate change. This transformation is unveiling new opportunities for navigation and resource extraction, thereby attracting the attention of various nations, including China. Despite its geographical distance from the Arctic, China has been vocal about its Arctic aspirations, most notably through its proposed PSR initiative. The article scrutinizes the development of the PSR, a component of China's broader Belt and Road Initiative, and its potential to bolster China's economic prowess by unveiling new trade routes and granting it access to valuable resources. It also discusses the potential implications of China's Arctic ambitions for the balance of power among major powers such as the United States, Russia, and the European Union. Drawing on theories from political science and international relations, including realism, liberalism, and constructivism, the article provides a theoretical lens to understand these dynamics. It underscores the need for careful management of Arctic affairs to ensure that competition does not escalate into conflict. The article concludes by highlighting the need for further research to fully grasp the implications of China's Arctic policy and to explore potential responses by other major powers.

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Section: Natomentioning

confidence: 99%

China's Arctic Aspirations and Polar Silk Road: Implications for Great Power Competition

Türker

2024

Current Perspectives in Social Sciences

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“…Indeed, the decision of Finland and Sweden to abandon their historic policy of neutrality to formally apply for membership in the Atlantic Alliance, although the process is still ongoing and not without obstacles, 26 is bound to produce lasting effects over time. 27 First among them is the welding of the Arctic region and the Baltic Sea into a single Great North with common security flashpoints. In addition, the energy dependence of a major part of Europe on Russian energy sources, with the crisis that is severely afflicting households and businesses, has made the pipelines that carry essential energy supplies across the Baltic Sea crucial in the run-up to winter.…”

Section: Towards the Future: An Enlarged Arctic Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From East to North: New Frontiers for the EU-NATO Arctic Defense

Cinciripini¹

2023

TPQ

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After a geopolitical phase of peace and international cooperation, the Arctic is witnessing renewed military tensions, particularly between Russia, NATO, and European Union (EU) member countries. The multilateral governance that has so far governed the fate of the Arctic is being challenged by the confrontation between Russia and the West. In addition, climate warming opens up new trade routes. It provides access to immense deposits of raw materials, accelerating competition among actors partly by including external players such as China. To assess the future trajectory of European defense governance on the northern flank, it is necessary to view the Arctic and Baltic as a single region in light of common critical factors.

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“…If Putin had intended to weaken NATO influence at its Western borders, the war has achieved the opposite, with more states queuing up for NATO membership, including long-time adherents of neutrality such as Finland and Sweden (Alberque & Schreer 2022). Likewise, countries such as Germany, in which, despite some steps towards more military involvement since the 1990s, military expenditure has long been viewed sceptically and in tension with its civilian power identity (Maull 2000), have significantly increased their defence budgets.…”

Section: Regressive Securitisation Ii: Russian Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive and Regressive Securitisation: Covid, Russian Aggression and the Ethics of Security

Diez

2023

CEJISS

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This paper contributes to the debate about the normative assessment of securitisation in light of Covid-19 and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It develops the distinction of progressive and regressive securitisation. In doing so, it emphasises the processual, contextual and ambiguous nature of securitisation. I suggest that progressive securitisation is closely linked to the solidarisation, whereas regressive securitisation implies the pluralisation of international society. The two cases of Covid-19 and Russia illustrate that international order has increasingly been characterised by regressive securitisation and a pluralisation of international society, despite possible alternatives, such as a transnational response to the spread of Covid-19. They have thus contributed to the further demise of the post–Cold War liberal order, which despite its problems, has involved a re-orientation of security away from state territory and national identity as the core referent objects. I end with a plea to take the ethics of security more seriously again, and in particular to scrutinise the ways in which our own behaviour reinforces regressive securitisation.

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Finland, Sweden and NATO Membership

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

China's Arctic Aspirations and Polar Silk Road: Implications for Great Power Competition

China's Arctic Aspirations and Polar Silk Road: Implications for Great Power Competition

From East to North: New Frontiers for the EU-NATO Arctic Defense

Progressive and Regressive Securitisation: Covid, Russian Aggression and the Ethics of Security

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