Fire design model for structural steel S355 based upon transient state tensile test results

Outinen, Jyri; Kesti, Jyrki; Mäkeläinen, Pentti

doi:10.1016/s0143-974x(97)00018-7

Cited by 66 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…As discussed in the introductory section of this paper, various material models based on the analysis of experimental data have been proposed, the most commonly utilized being the Rubert-Schaumann model [26] adopted in EN 1993-1-2 [1] and variants of the Ramberg-Osgood model [27][28][29][30][31], which have been shown to provide excellent fit to the test data in a number of experimental studies [17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Materials Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in addition to tests on structural members, numerous experimental studies have been conducted to study the effect of temperature on the material response of structural steel of various grades [17][18][19], cold-formed steel [20] and stainless steel [21,22]. At elevated temperatures, the stress-strain curve of structural steel has been shown to deviate significantly from the elastic-perfectly plastic one traditionally assumed for steel design at ambient temperature [23] and becomes increasingly rounded with a pronounced loss of stiffness and strength and significant strain hardening occurring at low strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model proposed by Rubert and Schaumann [26], which assumes an elliptical transition from the end of the elastic range up to the effective yield strength corresponding to 2% strain has been adopted in EN 1993-1-2 [1] and implicitly accounts for the effect of creep. Other material models, usually variants of the Ramberg-Osgood model [27,28] and originally developed for stainless steel at ambient temperature [29][30][31][32], have also been proposed [17][18][19][20][21][22]. This paper focuses on the structural response of steel members failing by local buckling at elevated temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The continuous strength method for steel cross-section design at elevated temperatures

Theofanous

Propsert

Knobloch³

et al. 2016

Thin-Walled Structures

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When subjected to elevated temperatures, steel displays a reduction in both strength and stiffness, its yield plateau vanishes and its response becomes increasingly nonlinear with pronounced strain hardening. For steel sections subjected to compressive stresses, the extent to which strain hardening can be exploited (i.e. the strain at which failure occurs) depends on the susceptibility to local buckling. This is reflected in the European guidance for structural fire design EN1993-1-2 [1], which specifies different effective yield strengths for different cross-section classes. Given the continuous rounded nature of the stress-strain curve of structural steel at elevated temperatures, this approach seems overly simplistic and improved accuracy can be obtained if strain-based approaches are employed [2]. Similar observations have been previously made for structural stainless steel design at ambient temperatures and the continuous strength method (CSM) was developed as a rational means to exploit strain hardening at room temperature. This paper extends the CSM to the structural fire design of steel cross-sections. The accuracy of the method is verified by comparing the ultimate capacity predictions with test results extracted from the literature. It is shown that the CSM offers more accurate ultimate capacity predictions than current design methods throughout the full temperature range that steel structures are likely to be exposed to during a fire. Theofanous, M., Prospert, T., Knobloch, M. and Gardner, L. (2016). The continuous strength method for steel cross-section design at elevated temperatures. Thin-Walled Structures. 98, 94-102. 2Moreover due to its strain-based nature, the proposed methodology can readily account for the effect of restrained thermal expansion on the structural response at cross-sectional level.

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Section: Materials Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The continuous strength method for steel cross-section design at elevated temperatures

Theofanous

Propsert

Knobloch³

et al. 2016

Thin-Walled Structures

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“…8 and Table 4, same as the yield strength, the elastic modulus E T of Q345 steel decreases with the increase in temperature T. When T < 300 ℃, there is no significant reduction of the elastic modulus E T . At 300℃, E T =1.86×10 5 MPa which is 92% of the elastic modulus E = 2.03×10 5 MPa at room temperature. However, when T > 300 ℃, the reduction of the elastic modulus E T increases considerably.…”

Section: Analysis Of Steady-state Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Outinen et al [5] proposed a fire-resistant design model based on the high-temperature transient-state test results of rod tensile specimen made of S355 structural steel. Makelainen et al [6] studied the high-temperature mechanical properties of the rod tensile specimen made of S420M structural steel using the transient-state test, and proposed a constitutive model for fire-resistant design of S420M steel at different temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation of properties of Q345 steel pipe at elevated temperatures

Yuan

Shu

Huang

et al. 2016

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

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This paper presents the results of an extensive experimental investigation of the thermal and mechanical properties of Q345 steel pipe at elevated temperatures using both the steady-state and transient-state test methods. Under these two test conditions, the thermal expansion coefficient, yield strength and elastic modulus of the specimens at different temperatures were measured. The tested results indicate that both the yield strength and elastic modulus decrease gradually with increasing temperature. However, at the same temperature, both the yield strength and elastic modulus tested using the steady-state test are higher than those tested using the transient-state test.Hence, it is less safe to use the material properties tested using the steady-state test for fire resistance design of the steel structure. Based on the transient-state test results, the models of the mechanical properties of Q345 steel pipe at elevated temperatures were proposed. These models can be used for the design and analysis of Q345 steel pipe structures under fire conditions. Keywords：Q345 steel pipe; High temperature；Steady-state test；Transient-state test; Mechanical properties；Fire resistant design Highlights: To generate the thermal and mechanical properties of Q345 steel pipe at elevated temperatures using both the steady-state and transient-state test methods. To compare the material properties tested using both the steady-state and the transient-state tests. To propose the models of thermal and mechanical properties of Q345 steel pipe at elevated temperatures.

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Post‐Fire Mechanical Properties of Steel S900MC

Abebe¹,

Shakil²,

Lü³

et al. 2021

ce papers

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This paper discusses mechanical properties after one heating and cooling cycle using experimental tests. The material tested was steel S900MC, which has the nominal yield strength of 900 N/mm2. The specimens were tested with being first heated up inside a furnace to a pre‐defined temperature, then cooled down to the room temperature. I n order to study the effects of cooling rates on mechanical properties, two different cooling methods were used: cooling inside furnace, and cooling in the air. The results indicated a clearly reduction of the strength when the steel was cooled from the temperature above 500 °C. The steel reduced 40% of its yield strength after cooled from 700°C, while only 20% remained when cooled from 900°C. The elastic modulus was regained to its original value after the steel was cooled from temperatures below 500°C, whereas about 80% was regained when the steel was cooled from 900°C. Cooling temperatures between 700°C and 900°C produced a large scatter among all the mechanical properties. The cooling rate did not affect the mechanical properteis when the maximum temperature remains below 700 °C before the cooling starts. However, when exposed to an elevated temperature above 700°C the effect is visible. The air‐cooled specimens had higher strength and lower ductility than furnace cooled specimens. The results of this study will help to evaluate the load‐bearing capacity and reusability of the steel members after fire‐exposure.

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Fire design model for structural steel S355 based upon transient state tensile test results

Cited by 66 publications

References 1 publication

The continuous strength method for steel cross-section design at elevated temperatures

The continuous strength method for steel cross-section design at elevated temperatures

An experimental investigation of properties of Q345 steel pipe at elevated temperatures

Post‐Fire Mechanical Properties of Steel S900MC

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