Fire evacuation visualization in nursing homes based on agent and cellular automata

Wang, Chen; Tang, Yutong; Kassem, Mukhtar A.; Li, Heng; Wu, Zhizhan

doi:10.1016/j.jnlssr.2021.08.006

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Wang et al. [ 34 ] established an improved cellular automaton model to simulate the effect of the psychological characteristics of the elderly on the fire evacuation time in a nursing home fire evacuation. Rui et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[31,32] Ding et al [33] used the cellular automaton model to simulate the effect of evacuee fatigue on evacuation in a fire evacuation. Wang et al [34] established an improved cellular automaton model to simulate the effect of the psychological characteristics of the elderly on the fire evacuation time in a nursing home fire evacuation. Rui et al [35] combined the cellular automaton model with the existing forest fire model to improve the time accuracy of calculating forest fire spread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evacuation Simulation of a Passenger Ship Fire Based on a Modified Cellular Automaton

Liu

Zhang

Shi³

et al. 2023

Advcd Theory and Sims

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This study proposes a modified cellular automaton to simulate passenger ship fire evacuation. A fire dynamics simulator (FDS) is used to simulate the firing process for the passenger ship. The generated carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, temperature, and visibility are converted into equivalent lengths and input to the equivalent field of the modified cellular automaton. The fire field is applied to keep the evacuees away from the fire. And game theory is adopted to solve the conflict in the choice of route for evacuees. With or without fire on the passenger ship, three different evacuees' densities are used to study the influence of different proportions of evacuees who are familiar with exits during the evacuation time. The positions of exits are also studied. The results show that when the fire release rate increases from 3000 to 8000 kW s −2 for the same evacuation scenario, the earliest time that evacuees are in danger is 50% earlier. The impact of fire on evacuees is greater than that of evacuees' density. In the case of two close exits or exits close to the bulkheads, the congestion near exits is obvious and has the greatest effect on the evacuation time of the high evacuees' density.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evacuation Simulation of a Passenger Ship Fire Based on a Modified Cellular Automaton

Liu

Zhang

Shi³

et al. 2023

Advcd Theory and Sims

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show abstract

“…The CA model is a modeling approach first introduced by Von Neumann [14] emergency scenarios [15]. In the context of fire evacuation, Wang Chen et al employed CA to establish an evacuation model for elderly individuals and proposed an optimization strategy for evacuating nursing homes during fires [16]. Fu Zhijian et al employed the CA model to analyze the impacts of individual tendencies on crowd evacuation efficiency, considering uneven exit attractiveness [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Automaton Model for Pedestrian Evacuation Considering Impacts of Fire Products

Liu,

Li,

Sun

2023

Fire

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To accurately simulate realistic pedestrian evacuation from a fire, a cellular automaton model of the dynamic changes in pedestrian movement parameters is developed in conjunction with fire dynamics software. The fire dynamics software is used to simulate the spread of smoke within the scene to obtain visibility and CO concentration data within the scene. We imported the smoke data into the cellular automata and adjusted the pedestrian movement speed over time, resulting in simulation data that closely align with reality. The results show that for the single-room scenario, as pedestrian density increased from 0.1 to 0.5 persons per square meter (p/m2), the influence of the percentage of pedestrians familiar with their location on evacuation efficiency decreased from 44.93% to 24.52%. Conversely, in the multi-room scenario, it increased from 23.68% to 38.79%. The proportion of pedestrians less affected by smoke decreases and stabilizes as the CO yield increases. In the single-room scenario, when the CO yield is below 10%, the crowd with a low percentage of pedestrians familiar with the site is more affected by smoke than those with a high percentage. In the multi-room scenario, the victimization rate of the crowd follows an increasing-then-decreasing curve, ultimately stabilizing with changes in CO yield.

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“…Design analysis of public space layout in Shanghai waterfront based on agent pedestrian flow simulation Sidi et al[27] Waterfront scale Waterfront Simulated traffic congestion in Sarawak scenic area at the tourist attraction spot of Kuching Waterfront, using an interactive map, to help visitors plan their visit way Lim et al[17] Building scale Elderly nursing homes Evaluate the effect of evacuation behaviour of staff on evacuation time in a fire emergency in an elderly nursing home Wang et al[28] Building scale Nursing home…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrian Simulation on Evacuation Behavior in Teaching Building of Primary School Emergencies and Optimized Design

Lian

Zhang

et al. 2023

Buildings

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The spatial layout and arrangement of obstacles in the built environment significantly affect its evacuation performance. However, few researchers focus on pedestrian simulation-based design optimization of built environment under emergency evacuation conditions. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the evacuation performance of optimized design solutions for traffic space in the teaching building of a primary school based on a pedestrian simulation approach and to quantify the effect of design parameters on evacuation time. Firstly, the level of traffic space design parameters was determined and optimized design solutions for the traffic space of the school building were generated. Secondly, based on the Anylogic simulation platform, the environment module and pedestrian evacuation behaviour rules of the teaching building were built to realize the evacuation behaviour simulation. Thirdly, the effect of the traffic space design parameters on the evacuation time of the teaching building was evaluated and the most significant design parameters were identified. Finally, the optimal combination of traffic space design parameters was proposed under evacuation performance orientation. The results show that the sensitivity of the traffic space design parameters to evacuation time is 31.85%. The effect of corridor width on evacuation time is 49.06 times greater than the staircase width. The optimal design combination for the traffic space in the teaching building of the primary school is a 3.0 m wide trapezoidal corridor combined with a 3.6 m wide staircase, and a 3.0 m wide fish maw corridor combined with 3.6 m wide staircase, guided by evacuation performance. The framework developed in this paper provides technical support for the development of evacuation performance-oriented design optimization of the built environment, and the results are intended to supplement the building design specifications.

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Fire evacuation visualization in nursing homes based on agent and cellular automata

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Evacuation Simulation of a Passenger Ship Fire Based on a Modified Cellular Automaton

Evacuation Simulation of a Passenger Ship Fire Based on a Modified Cellular Automaton

Cellular Automaton Model for Pedestrian Evacuation Considering Impacts of Fire Products

Pedestrian Simulation on Evacuation Behavior in Teaching Building of Primary School Emergencies and Optimized Design

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