Fire performance of poly(dimethyl siloxane) composites evaluated by cone calorimetry

Genovese, A; Shanks, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2007.09.009

Cited by 94 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Recently, improving the fire resistance of wood-based material by using chemical substances, including phosphorus, nitrogen, boron, silica, and their combinations, has garnered much attention (Genovese and Shanks 2008;Hagen et al 2009;Sacristán et al 2010;Liu 2013). To improve the chemical properties of wood, silica species, derived from sol-gel, were used in a study by Unger and colleagues (2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Performance of Si-Al Ultra-Low Density Fiberboards Evaluated by Cone Calorimetry

Chen

Niu

et al. 2015

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To clarify how the fire resistance of ultra-low density fiberboards (ULDFs) was improved by the Si-Al compounds and to compare the effect of fire resistance between Si-Al compounds and fire retardant (chlorinated paraffin), the fire performance of ULDFs was evaluated by cone calorimetry. Comparing Si-Al compounds to chlorinated paraffin, the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), mass loss, total smoke release, and off-gases (CO and CO2) release of ULDFs treated with Si-Al compounds significantly decreased. However, when Si-Al compounds and chlorinated paraffins were simultaneously added, the mixed fiberboards showed the best results for peak of HRR (100.76 kW m ), and residual mass (34.26%). These results indicated that the Si-Al compounds had a significant effect on improving the fire resistance of ULDFs, and the Si-Al compounds and chlorinated paraffins have a synergistic effect in ULDFs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Performance of Si-Al Ultra-Low Density Fiberboards Evaluated by Cone Calorimetry

Chen

Niu

et al. 2015

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“…THR curves of PC and flame retardant PC The polysiloxane in PC flame retardant system can react with the degradation products of PC to form cross-linking structure during heating. Simultaneously, the polysiloxane moves to PC surface, and silicon accumulates on the surface of the polymer to form a silicon-rich char layer [12]. THR characterizes the fire load and HRR influences the fire growth observed in the cone calorimeter.…”

Section: Cone Calorimeter Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polysiloxane is polymer including one or more of the following four siloxane units: M units (R3SiO0.5), D units (R2SiO1.0), T units(RSiO1.5), and Q units (SiO2.0). Flame-retardancy of polysiloxane is closely related to its structure (siloxane unit and Organic side groups) [11][12]. Polysiloxane only with a specific structure has good flame retardancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Retardancy of Polysiloxane Solid Powder Combined with Organophosphate in Polycarbonate

Zhou

Chen

2016

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract.The synergistic effects of methylphenyl-polsiloxane solid powder and organophosphate flame retardant for polycarbonate (PC) were investigated by limiting oxygen index(LOI), and cone calorimeter. It was found that the LOI of the flame-retarded PC (FR-PC) with polysiloxane and organophosphate binary flame retardants didn't increase in comparison with that of FR-PC containing a single species flame retardant. The cone calorimeter results show that the heat release rate (HRR) of the PC/polysiloxane/organophosphate(PX230) composition is approximately 50% lower than that of the PC/polysiloxane or the PC/PX230. Total heat release (THR) of PC/polysiloxane/PX230 also significantly reduce in comparison with that of PC/polysiloxane and PC/PX230 binary composites, which indicates a clear synergistic effect of the polysiloxane and PX230 in the PC flame retardant composites. The CO production rate of the PC/polysiloxane/PX230 during combustion is slightly lower than that of the virgin PC. So the combination of the polysiloxane with PX230 used in PC could synergic inhibit the combustion heat release, and achieve environmental friendly fire-retardant effect.

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“…Combustion is impeded by fire retardant treatment in the condensed and/or gaseous phases (Hornsby 2001;Genovese and Shanks 2008). For example, forming a protective layer with a low thermal conductivity covering the composites can reduce the heat transfer from the heat source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many fire-retardants have been used to treat wood-based composites, such as phosphorus, nitrogen, boron, silica-based compounds, halogen type fire retardants, titanium oxide, and their combinations (Saka and Ueno 1997;Lewin 2005;Baysal et al 2007a,b;Branca and Blasi 2007;Genovese and Shanks 2008;Hagen et al 2009;Sacristán et al 2010;Schartel 2010;Fu et al 2011;Mahr et al 2012;Unger et al 2012;Xie and Liu 2012;Niu et al 2014;Chen et al 2015a). They can be used alone, together, or in association with other additives (Durin-France et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Performance of Ultra-Low Density Fiberboard (ULDF) with Complex Fire-Retardants

Liu¹,

Chen²,

Wei³

et al. 2016

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To clarify how the fire performance of ultra-low density fiberboard (ULDF) can be improved by complex fire-retardants, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and microstructure of ULDFs with different additive amounts of complex fire-retardants was analyzed. The char yield, chemical bonding, and thermostability of ULDFs treated by different temperatures were also tested. Results showed that the LOI values and compactness of ULDFs were increased with increased amounts of fire-retardants. Three steps of char yield curves in control fiberboard (CF) and mixed fiberboard (MF) were apparent. The preliminary degradation in lignin and cellulose of CF occurred at 300 °C. The cellulose had completely decomposed at 400 °C, but in the case of MF, the lignin and cellulose were not completely decomposed at 400 °C. It was shown that there are different ways to improve the fire resistance of ULDF using boron, nitrogen-phosphorus, silica, and halogen-based fire-retardants. The fiberboard with silicium compounds had the lowest mass loss in three stages and total mass loss. Compared with CF, MF had a lower mass loss. Furthermore, the exothermic peak for MF at around 400.0 °C was decreased, indicating that the fire resistance of ULDF was improved by the complex fire-retardants.

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Fire performance of poly(dimethyl siloxane) composites evaluated by cone calorimetry

Cited by 94 publications

References 28 publications

Fire Performance of Si-Al Ultra-Low Density Fiberboards Evaluated by Cone Calorimetry

Fire Performance of Si-Al Ultra-Low Density Fiberboards Evaluated by Cone Calorimetry

Flame Retardancy of Polysiloxane Solid Powder Combined with Organophosphate in Polycarbonate

Fire Performance of Ultra-Low Density Fiberboard (ULDF) with Complex Fire-Retardants

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