Fire safety of thermoplastic polyurethane based on pyromellitic dianhydride

Jiao, Chuanmei; Wang, Hongzhi; Chen, Xilei

doi:10.1002/fam.2507

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Wang et al have studied the fire safety of the thermoplastic polyurethane based on pyromellitic dianhydride. 17 It has proved that pyromellitic dianhydride has good flame retardancy for TPU. However, pyromellitic dianhydride is toxic, which limits its application in the field of flameretardant TPU.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Wei

Chen

Jiao

2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, fumaric acid (FA) which was a new type of environmental and low-cost flame retardant was applied for thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU). The flame-retardant properties of TPU were tested using limiting oxygen index, cone calorimeter test, smoke density test, and thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It has been proved that FA could improve the difficulty of the ignition of the sample; the limiting oxygen index value of the sample (FA-4) increased by 29.7% when 2.0 wt% FA was added to TPU. The cone calorimeter test showed that FA can greatly reduce heat release and smoke production during the combustion process of TPU composites. For example, compared with the pure TPU, the peak heat release rate and total smoke release of the sample (FA-4) with 2.0 wt% FA were decreased by 50.8% and 51.5% respectively. The results of smoke density test showed that the luminous flux of the samples contained 0.5 wt% FA was increased by 79.2% compared with the pure TPU. The TG results revealed that the sample of FA-4 had higher char residue content compared with the sample of TPU. The results of thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy proved that FA could decrease the initial decomposition temperature for TPU composites and increase the release of CO 2 and H 2 O. All results of test illustrated that FA had good flameretardant effect on TPU. KEYWORDS environmental, flame retardant, fumaric acid, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer 1 | INTRODUCTIONThermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) is a polymer formed by the copolymerization of diisocyanate and polyol, which is an elastic material between rubber and plastic. 1 Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has good prospects for development in daily life because of its superior performance, such as high wear resistance, high strength, high elasticity, and good hydrolysis stability. 2 However, as a combustible material, during the combustion process, TPU can produce a lot of smoke, heat, and poisonous gas, which easily cause the suffocation and even death of the personnel, and it has a serious droplet phenomenon, which limits its application in some fields. 3 Therefore, it is very important to improve the flame retardancy of TPU. [4][5][6][7] At present, the traditional flame retardants used for TPU include halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, etc. 8,9 Halogen flame retardants are more popular in flame-retardant TPU because of the high flame-retardant efficiency, moderate price, and variety.However, halogen flame retardants will release corrosive gases such as halogenated hydrogen and a large amount of smoke under high temperature or open fire, which will bring great harm to the human body and the environment. 10 The phosphorus flame retardant has the characteristics of halogen-free and low toxicity, but it needs a high amount of addition, which has an effect on the mechanical properties of the materials. 11,12 As a result, the elongation at break of the composite system, especially the impact strength, will...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Wei

Chen

Jiao

2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The parameters such as SPR, TSP, total smoke release (TSR) and smoke factor (SF) were used to further characterize the smoke release during the combustion process of the composites. 35 The correlation curves are shown in Fig. 5.…”

Section: Combustion Performance Of Rpuf and Flame Retardant Rpuf Comp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron tailings/ammonium polyphosphate system in rigid polyurethane foam composites to enhance fire safety: a novel strategy for utilization of metallurgical solid waste

Wang

Yang

et al. 2022

Polymer International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iron tailings (ITs) is a solid waste after mineral processing, but the high value utilization of ITs has always been a problem perplexing the industry. In order to broaden its application field, it was compounded with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to make rigid polyurethane foam flame retardant. SEM, limiting oxygen index, UL-94 vertical combustion, TGA, the cone calorimetry test (CCT), thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and Raman tests were used to characterize the bubble morphology, flame retardant properties, thermal stability, combustion performance, gas phase products and graphitization degree of the char layer. The TGA indicated that ITs/APP could effectively improve the thermal stability of the composites, and the T 5wt% of the composites and the char residue rates at 700 °C were significantly improved. The CCT confirmed that ITs/APP could effectively reduce the thermal damage and non-thermal damage of the composites, and the peak heat release rate, total heat release and smoke factor were reduced by 29.08%, 19.21% and 36.69%, respectively. The TG-FTIR test implied that ITs/APP inhibited the release intensity of various gaseous products. The CCT, SEM and Raman tests showed that ITs/APP improved the compactness and graphitization degree of the char residue of the composites, thus improving their flame retardancy. This study provides a theoretical basis and experimental basis for the high value utilization of ITs.

show abstract

“…As a new type of flame retardant, acid anhydride displays excellent properties, such as excellent dimensional stability, thermal stability, and thermo‐oxidative stability 26,27 . In the flame‐retardant polymer field, it is reported that Jiao et.al have studied the flame retardancy of TPU based on pyromellitic dianhydride and the results show there is an indeed considerable positive effect on the flame retardancy 28 . However, pyromellitic dianhydride is toxic and has been limited in many applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the fire safety effect of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer based on sodium fumarate

Wei

Chen

Jiao

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sodium fumarate (SF, C4H3NaO4), as a low‐cost and environment‐friendly additive, has been applied as the fire safety agent to investigate the flame retardancy and smoke suppression property in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU). A series of tests were carried out, including limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter test (CCT), smoke density test (SDT), and thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG‐IR). The results proved that the addition of SF can significantly improve the fire safety property of TPU. Remarkably, in the case of the sample containing 2.0 wt% SF, LOI was raised up to 27.5 compared with 21.0 of pure TPU. The CCT results showed that pHRR, THR, TSR, and SF values decreased by 60.1%, 17.0%, 44.6%, and 66.4%, respectively, while the residual mass increased from 3.0% to 12.3% compared with pure TPU. The digital photographs displayed a more compact and intense carbon layer after the addition of SF. The SDT results indicated SF has increased the luminous flux and reduced Ds values, implying the improvement of the smoke suppression property of TPU. TG and TG‐IR results showed that the addition of SF has promoted the char forming process and reduced the release of CO2 and other volatile compounds. All results of tests illustrated that SF has considerable fire safety effect on TPU. Through the analysis of the results of this experiment, it will make a significance in the aspect of fire safety of polymer.

show abstract

Fire safety of thermoplastic polyurethane based on pyromellitic dianhydride

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer

Iron tailings/ammonium polyphosphate system in rigid polyurethane foam composites to enhance fire safety: a novel strategy for utilization of metallurgical solid waste

Research on the fire safety effect of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer based on sodium fumarate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About