Firearm Injury Prevention and Survivor Interventions: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Purpose To examine components of firearm injury prevention and survivor response programs, their outcomes, and gaps in this body of research. Method A total of 100 publications were identified across four databases: PubMed/Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Scopus. Articles were screened for inclusion in the scoping review and details were extracted into an electronic table for synthesis. Results A total of 27 articles were included. Education on firearm injury prevention was shown to be feasible and acceptable in health care settings, including emergency departments. Firearm survivor interventions to reduce violent injury recidivism may include peer or mentored support along with case management for coordination of mental health services, vocational training, and other services to address social determinants of health. Other community initiatives to clean up abandoned lots and engage community members in creating safe neighborhoods have been shown to reduce overall gun violence. Conclusion Multi-level interventions that encompass education on reducing firearm injuries, strategies to improve psychosocial conditions and access to mental health services, as well as meeting the needs of firearm injury survivors, their families, and communities, are needed. Health sector and community partnerships can lead to integrated and sustainable programs to achieve safer neighborhoods and improve psychosocial outcomes for individuals affected by gun violence and impacted communities. [ Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx (xx), xx–xx.]