Fires in waste facilities: Challenges and solutions from a Scandinavian perspective

Mikalsen, Ragni Fjellgaard; Lönnermark, Anders; Glansberg, Karin; McNamee, Margaret; Storesund, Karolina

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103023

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The consequences are the combustion of flammable electrolyte components and the decomposition of cathode materials, which can lead to fires, explosions and the release of toxic substances. [25,[87][88][89][90][91] There have been numerous incidents in the past where LIBs have led to fires at recycling and waste treatment facilities. In the UK, for example, it is estimated that approximately 48% of all waste fires occurring each year are caused by LIBs, costing the UK economy approximately 158 million pounds annually.…”

Section: Transportation and Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Lithium‐Ion Batteries—Current State of the Art, Circular Economy, and Next Generation Recycling

Neumann

Petraniková

Meeus

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

437

186

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Being successfully introduced into the market only 30 years ago, lithium‐ion batteries have become state‐of‐the‐art power sources for portable electronic devices and the most promising candidate for energy storage in stationary or electric vehicle applications. This widespread use in a multitude of industrial and private applications leads to the need for recycling and reutilization of their constituent components. Improving the “recycling technology” of lithium ion batteries is a continuous effort and recycling is far from maturity today. The complexity of lithium ion batteries with varying active and inactive material chemistries interferes with the desire to establish one robust recycling procedure for all kinds of lithium ion batteries. Therefore, the current state of the art needs to be analyzed, improved, and adapted for the coming cell chemistries and components. This paper provides an overview of regulations and new battery directive demands. It covers current practices in material collection, sorting, transportation, handling, and recycling. Future generations of batteries will further increase the diversity of cell chemistry and components. Therefore, this paper presents predictions related to the challenges of future battery recycling with regard to battery materials and chemical composition, and discusses future approaches to battery recycling.

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Section: Transportation and Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Lithium‐Ion Batteries—Current State of the Art, Circular Economy, and Next Generation Recycling

Neumann

Petraniková

Meeus

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

437

186

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“…Lack of MSW management and disposal is leading to significant environmental problems. This includes groundwater contamination due to leaching of waste dump (Abd El-Salam and Abu-Zuid 2015), surface water contamination due to run-off on the waste dump (Naveen et al 2018), bad odour (Sarkar and Hobbs 2002), rodents (Duh et al 2017), generation of inflammable gas such as methane within the waste dump (Noma et al 2012), frequent fires (Ibrahim et al 2017), the spread of epidemics due to stray animals (Mikalsen et al 2020), and soil acidity (Domínguez et al 2019).…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of municipal solid waste management system in Lae City, Papua New Guinea in the context of sustainable development

Doaemo

Dhiman²,

Borovskis³

et al. 2021

Environ Dev Sustain

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Lae City (LC) of Morobe Province is the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea. Due to the abundant natural resources it inherits, the resultant urbanization has led to an influx of the human population. This increase in population as a result of industrialization has led to increased municipal solid waste (MSW) accumulation. To address this exigent issue, which affects the nation’s carbon footprint, it is imperative to review socio-economic and geographic factors to establish a feasible approach for managing MSW efficiently and sustainably. In the quest to achieve the same, the present assessment focuses on the 3 core waste management hierarchy systems to support sustainable development for LC by reviewing existing opportunities and challenges associated with the current MSW management system and the associated policies. The result shows that as a sustainable approach to MSW management of LC, a zero-waste campaign for resource recovery engaging all stakeholders can be implemented since the organic content of MSW generated in LC is as high as 70%. Moreover, the dumping of MSW at the dedicated dumpsite site can be minimized if policies are strengthened and the proposed waste avoidance pathway is implemented strictly. In addition to this, to avoid the contamination of groundwater and recovery of methane, the use of the Fukuoka approach in the existing landfills has been suggested to capture leachate without any huge expenditure. Graphic abstract

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“…Although policies concerning the routine of waste management are in place, to the best of our knowledge, there is a lack in the regulatory and management framework of what is "not ordinary" within the EU countries, including the occurrence of waste-related environmental emergencies or disasters. Nevertheless, a growing interest in the negative impact of fires in waste landfills on the environment and people's health was reported in some European countries [15][16][17].…”

Section: Policy and Regulatory Framework On Waste-related Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Management of Health Hazards Related to Municipal Solid Waste on Fire in Europe: An Environmental Justice Issue?

Mazzucco

Costantino

Restivo

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Landfilling should be the last option in an integrated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management approach. In the European Union (EU), the policy framework to protect the environment and the public health against the impact of health hazards related to urban solid waste management has been consistently implemented in recent decades. A growing interest in the negative impact of fires in waste landfills on the environment and people’s health was reported in some European countries. In Italy, an increasing occurrence of arsons in MSW and landfills has been reported in recent years. During the summer of 2012, a multi-site arson occurred in the Palermo Municipal solid waste landfill of Bellolampo (western Sicily), giving rise to an environmental emergency of public health concern. Local health authorities reacted by creating an inter-institutional multidisciplinary task force with the aim to implement measures to prevent and control the risk of exposure by delimiting a protection area to be taken under strict monitoring. Environmental and epidemiological investigations were put in place by air, soil, and farm product sampling. A syndromic surveillance of the exposed population was conducted as well. The air monitoring stations system in place detected an increase in the concentrations of dioxins and dioxin-like substances with the PM10 highest emission pick documented within the first 24 h and estimated at about 60 μg/m3. Levels of heavy metals above the limits permitted by law were detected in the top- and sub-soil samples collected within the two landfill sampling sites and also in other nearby sites. Non-conforming concentration values of dioxins and dioxin-like substances were detected in samples taken from farms, milk, and water. The health syndromic surveillance did not document any daily increase in the notification of emergency admissions related to acute respiratory diseases or any other health effect potentially related to the waste arson, but these findings were limited by the non-systematic collection of data. The experience reported in the present case report, as declined within the European Union policy framework and in the view of environmental justice, documented the need to structure a permanent collaboration between the different institutional actors involved in environmental and public health protection activities in order to develop specific protocols to manage events related to the occurrence of waste-related environmental emergencies or disasters.

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Fires in waste facilities: Challenges and solutions from a Scandinavian perspective

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Recycling of Lithium‐Ion Batteries—Current State of the Art, Circular Economy, and Next Generation Recycling

Recycling of Lithium‐Ion Batteries—Current State of the Art, Circular Economy, and Next Generation Recycling

Assessment of municipal solid waste management system in Lae City, Papua New Guinea in the context of sustainable development

The Management of Health Hazards Related to Municipal Solid Waste on Fire in Europe: An Environmental Justice Issue?

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