First Case Report of Peritoneal Dialysis-associated Peritonitis Caused by <i>Lysinibacillus sphaericus</i>

Abstract

We herein report a case of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by Lysinibacillus sphaericus in a 40s-year-old patient. Treatment was initiated with intermittent intraperitoneal cefazolin and ceftazidime. Later, both peritoneal dialysate and blood cultures detected L. sphaericus, so the antibiotic was changed to ampicillin (ABPC). The patient was treated with a combination of intraperitoneal intermittent and intravenous ABPC for 7 days, followed by 14 days of amoxicillin. The patient experienced no adverse events and no recurrence for 30 days. The patient had four dogs, and the infection was deemed likely to have been caused by environmental contamination and inadequate catheter replacement.

Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis Caused by Lysinibacillus sphaericus

“…Tis is probably the reason why L. sphaericus can be pathogenic in these peritoneal dialysis patients. Te clinical features of our case were typical of septicemic syndrome and were similar to those reported in previous publications [8]. Microbiological studies confrmed that L. sphaericus was causative organisms.…”

“…were initially considered as environmental contaminants and biocontrolling agent due to their insecticidal and larvicidal properties [ 6 ]. Yet, there were only 2 case reports of L. sphaericus infection in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients, one due to hemodialysis catheter exit site infection [ 7 ] and the other from PD-associated peritonitis [ 8 ]. We reported herein a case of PD-related peritonitis secondary to L. sphaericus infection.…”