First Clinical Evaluation of a New Long-Term Subconjunctival Glucose Sensor

Müller, Achim; Knuth, Monika; Nikolaus, Katharina Sibylle; Herbrechtsmeier, Peter

doi:10.1177/193229681200600419

Cited by 9 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The setup of the photometer is described in detail elsewhere. 26 The fluorescence photometer measures the intensity of fluorescent light emitted back by the OMI at two wavelengths, one of which correlates with glucose concentration while the other acts as a reference and independent of glucose concentration. The photometer contains a target light for the patient to look at, and its front shape is ergonomically designed to mechanically guide the patient in correctly placing the photometer in front of the face and the eye.…”

Section: Fluorescence Detection By the Handheld Photometermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously described, 26 the OMI was inserted under sterile conditions and after topical anesthesia under the temporal conjunctiva of the right eye of the patients. The edges of the incision were sutured.…”

Section: Ocular Mini Implant Implantation In Human Eyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Briefly, fluorescently labeled Con A (Zedira GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany) and dextran (Life Technologies GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany) were loaded to previously formed alginate microbeads by incubation of the beads in a solution of 4 mg/ml Con A and 7 mg/ml dextran. The exact nature of the fluorescent dyes used cannot be disclosed because of a patent in preparation.…”

Section: Production Of Ocular Mini Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Fluorescence readings were taken after equilibration. For determination of the in vitro stability of the OMI response, OMIs were stored at 37 °C in artificial interstitial fluid buffer, 26 and the response to glucose was measured at 0, 1, 14, 30, 60, 120, 180, 270, and 360 days of storage. The response between 50 and 250 mg/dl glucose concentration was calculated using linear least squares regression analysis and was compared over storage time.…”

Section: In Vitro Sensor Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The layer structure of the conjunctiva allows a reproducible placement of the OMI. First clinical evaluations of the subconjunctival glucose measurement system have already proven a high correlation between the sensor data and corresponding BG values, 26 but the performance of the system decreased with longer implantation times. 27 This is most likely caused by fibrotic encapsulation of the OMI due to the foreign body response (FBR) initiated after implantation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring with a Long-Term Subconjunctival Glucose Sensor

Müller

Knuth

Nikolaus

et al. 2013

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Section: Fluorescence Detection By the Handheld Photometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ocular Mini Implant Implantation In Human Eyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Of Ocular Mini Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Sensor Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring with a Long-Term Subconjunctival Glucose Sensor

Müller

Knuth

Nikolaus

et al. 2013

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Continuous Glucose Monitoring: 40 Years, What We′ve Learned and What’s Next

Gifford¹

2013

ChemPhysChem

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After 40 years of research and development, today continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is demonstrating the benefit it provides for millions with diabetes. To provide in vivo accuracy, new permselective membranes and mediated systems have been developed to prevent enzyme saturation and to minimize interference signals. Early in vivo implanted sensor research clearly showed that the foreign body response was a more difficult issue to overcome. Understanding the biological interface and circumventing the inflammatory response continue to drive development of a CGM sensor with accuracy and reliability performance suitable in a closed-loop artificial pancreas. Along with biocompatible polymer development, other complimentary algorithm and data analysis techniques have improved the performance of commercial systems significantly. For example, the mean average relative difference of Dexcom's CGM system improved from 26 to 14% and its use-life was extended from 3 to 7 d. Significant gains in usability, including size, flexibility, insertion, calibration, and data interface, have been incorporated into new generations of commercial CGM systems. Besides Medtronic, Dexcom, and Abbott, other major players are also investing in CGM. Becton Dickinson is conducting clinical trials with an optical galactose glucose binding system. Development of fully implanted sensor systems fulfills the desire for a discreet, reliable CGM system. Research continues to find innovative ways to help make living with diabetes easier and more normal, and new segments are being pursued (intensive care unit, surgery, behavior modification) in which CGM is being utilized.

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