First data on the structure of tubes formed by phoronids

Temereva, E. N.; Shcherbakova, T.; Tzetlin, Alexander B.

doi:10.1016/j.zool.2020.125849

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Despite the SEM and ESEM mode differences, overall, the multi-layered laminar structure is similar to hard and soft chitin-based marine materials originating from several marine phyla [ 48 , 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Composition of the Cuticle of the Goose Barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes: A Flexible Composite Biomaterial

et al. 2023

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Arthropods, the largest animal phylum, including insects, spiders and crustaceans, are characterized by their bodies being covered primarily in chitin. Besides being a source of this biopolymer, crustaceans have also attracted attention from biotechnology given their cuticles’ remarkable and diverse mechanical properties. The goose barnacle, Pollicipes pollicipes, is a sessile crustacean characterized by their body parts covered with calcified plates and a peduncle attached to a substrate covered with a cuticle. In this work, the composition and structure of these plates and cuticle were characterized. The morphology of the tergum plate revealed a compact homogeneous structure of calcium carbonate, a typical composition among marine invertebrate hard structures. The cuticle consisted of an outer zone covered with scales and an inner homogenous zone, predominantly organic, composed of successive layers parallel to the surface. The scales are similar to the tergum plate and are arranged in parallel and oriented semi-vertically. Structural and biochemical characterization confirmed a bulk composition of ɑ-chitin and suggested the presence of elastin-based proteins and collagen. The mechanical properties of the cuticle showed that the stiffness values are within the range of values described in elastomers and soft crustacean cuticles resulting from molting. The removal of calcified components exposed round holes, detailed the structure of the lamina, and changed the protein properties, increasing the rigidity of the material. This flexible cuticle, predominantly inorganic, can provide bioinspiration for developing biocompatible and mechanically suitable biomaterials for diverse applications, including in tissue engineering approaches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Composition of the Cuticle of the Goose Barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes: A Flexible Composite Biomaterial

et al. 2023

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“…The anterior portion of the phoronid body is elongate and extensible, while the posterior part of the body is short and bears a distal ampulla serving as an organ of locomotion (Temereva et al . 2020). The absence of partitioning of the main body trunk of G. magnus may represent the primitive state (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The septal region of G. magnus is possibly similar to the ampulla of phoronids, which is used for digging or burrowing and thus is capable of undergoing considerable change in size and morphology (Temereva et al . 2020). However, there is no evidence that G. magnus , the muscle system of which was not as highly developed as that of phoronids, had similar capabilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy, palaeoautecology and phylogenetic affinity of tubular Glossolites magnus from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota, South China

Sun

Zhao

Zhu

2022

Papers in Palaeontology

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A number of well‐preserved fossil taxa from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota of South China have played important roles in the construction and analysis of the early evolutionary tree of metazoans. Certain other Chengjiang taxa, erected based on limited characters, have yielded little or no information concerning key aspects of their palaeobiology, and consequently their phylogenetic significance has been difficult to assess. One such taxon is the large conical animal Glossolites magnus. Exceptionally preserved new material of this soft‐bodied species herein, bearing oral tentacles and internal structures, indicates that G. magnus is not, as previously proposed, a hyolith. This work provides further information about possible biological affinities and palaeoautecology, which still remain open questions.

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“…This is likely to be due to their peculiar mode of tube formation that uses ptychocyst tubules; these either rarely trap sediments (Cerianthidae) or work as driftnets, trapping higher amounts of sediment (Arachnactidae and Botrucnidiferidae) [29]. Similarly, phoronids also do not show particle selectivity, and the detrital material comprises a single external layer of agglutinated particles that are not glued together by organic material [12,30]. Phoronids that live in the substrate also present a small opening at the posterior end of the tube that is not observed in our fossils [30].…”

Section: (B) Biological Affinitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In modern marine settings, several different groups of organisms are capable of producing agglutinated tubes, including annelids [10], cnidarians [11], phoronids [12], nematodes [13], crustaceans [14], rotifers [15] and foraminifers [16]. Despite this diversity, annelids are considered the main producers of large agglutinated tubes, a situation that can also be true for the fossil record [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devonian agglutinated polychaete tubes: all in all it's just another grain in the wall

et al. 2021

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Biomineralized and organic metazoan tubular skeletons are by far the most common in the fossil record. However, several groups of organisms are also able to agglutinate particles to construct more rigid structures. Here we present a novel type of agglutinated tube from the austral and endemic palaeobiota of the Malvinokaffric realm (Devonian, Brazil). This fossil is characterized by an agglutinated tube made of silt-sized particles forming an unusual flanged morphology that is not known from the fossil record. Besides being able to select specific particles, these organisms probably lived partially buried and were detritus/suspension feeders. Comparisons across different modern groups show that these fossils are strongly similar to tubes made by polychaetes, specifically from the family Maldanidae. If this interpretation is correct, then an early divergence of the Sedentaria clade may have occurred before the Devonian.

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First data on the structure of tubes formed by phoronids

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Structure and Composition of the Cuticle of the Goose Barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes: A Flexible Composite Biomaterial

Structure and Composition of the Cuticle of the Goose Barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes: A Flexible Composite Biomaterial

Anatomy, palaeoautecology and phylogenetic affinity of tubular Glossolites magnus from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota, South China

Devonian agglutinated polychaete tubes: all in all it's just another grain in the wall

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