First Derivation of Predicted-No-Effect Values for Freshwater and Terrestrial Ecosystems Exposed to Radioactive Substances

Garnier‐Laplace, Jacqueline; Della-Vedova, Claire; Gilbin, Rodolphe; Copplestone, David; Hingston, J. L.; Ciffroy, Philippe

doi:10.1021/es0606531

Cited by 96 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For radioactive substances, the primary ecotoxicity values are the Dose Rates associated with a 50% Effect defined as the percent change in the (average) level of the observed endpoint during a chronic external irradiation exposure experiment, named EDR 50 expressed in Gy/h [8]. Their geometric mean H DR 50 and associated 95% confidence interval can be easily calculated, still expressed in Gy/h.…”

Section: Working Endpoint Calculation Hc 50 and Hdr 50mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessment and ranking method for liquid radioactive and chemical mixtures released by nuclear facilities under normal operating conditions

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Ecological Risk Assessment is used to evaluate the potential hazards to the environment that are attributable to emissions of pollutants from industries. There is guidance available regarding the general ecological risk assessment process including problem formulation, exposure and effect analyses, and risk characterization. In a first step, the Screening-Level Ecological Risk Assessment (SLERA) is used to evaluate whether the emissions can put the receptor ecosystems at risk or not. Concerning releases from nuclear facilities under authorization, any SLERA is a challenging task because of (1) the large number of substances, (2) the various quantities that may be emitted to the aquatic ecosystems and (3) the various environmental situations to be considered. This task must be performed for two categories of pollutants, radionuclides and chemicals, each exhibiting specificities in terms of concentration in media or dose-effect relationships. Since these relationships for radioactive substances are based on the tissue-absorbed dose in Gray, the first step is to express critical exposure values to radionuclides in a consistent way with the critical concentration used for chemicals. We describe here the screening and ranking method that was developed and an application to the electronuclear sites along the Rhône River.

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Section: Working Endpoint Calculation Hc 50 and Hdr 50mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For radioactive substances, radiotoxicity values of EDR 50 come from previous work from Garnier-Laplace et al [8,11]. The 95% confidence interval on the geometric mean was calculated by bootstrap using R library [12].…”

Section: Input Data and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessment and ranking method for liquid radioactive and chemical mixtures released by nuclear facilities under normal operating conditions

et al. 2009

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“…Each dataset was substituted for regression analysis to reconstruct the dose(rate) -effect relationship and then estimate the critical exposure values that were defined the same way as in [5,6]. Thus, the dose giving 50% change in observed effect (ED 50 ) in comparison to control is considered as the critical dose for acute exposure, and the critical dose rate for chronic exposure is defined as the dose rate resulting in 10% change of observed effect (EDR 10 ).…”

Section: Dose (Rate) -Effect Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an approach to assess critical doses and dose rates for cultivated plants

2011

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Abstract. The aim of this work is to develop methods for an assessment of critical doses and dose rates that can result in significant radiation-induced effects in agrocenoses. This is realized on an example of cultivated plants which are one of the main components of agroecosystems. Available information on dose dependences in such umbrella endpoints as reproduction, survival, morbidity, alterations in morphological and biochemical processes, genetic effects in crops, vegetables, fruit trees, etc are gathered from papers issued mainly in Russian scientific press during last 50 years. Data are maintained as database in MS Access that contains about 10000 records at the moment. As critical exposure values, doses are considered producing 50% changes of biological effect at acute impact (ED 50 ), or dose rates resulting in 10% changes at chronic exposure of plants (EDR 10 ). The critical doses and dose rates for agrocenosis estimated from available information on reproduction and survival are presented here. Primary data are assesed for their quality according to several criteria. Three models (linear, logariphmic, logistic) for dose-effect relationship are tested for an applicability to fit a dose-effect dependence taking account of their goodness-of-fit and robustness of ED 50 and EDR 10 estimates.

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“…As there is no scientific reason to discriminate between chemicals and radioactive substances in terms of environmental risk assessment methodology (ERA), it is now generally recognised [2] that the classical ERA method [1] may be applied to both of these substances. This is of particular interest in the case of uranium that presents a double ecotoxicity, chemical and radiological, leading until now to separate environmental impact and risk assessments that did not provide a global view of the ecological state of the target ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A unified Ecological Risk Assessment on freshwaters for chemical and radiological ecotoxicity: The uranium case

2009

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Abstract. The classic ERA method is today recognised as relevant for both chemicals and radionuclides. As uranium presents the double ecotoxicity, a unique method may then now be applied to evaluate in tandem the associated ecological risks, following the classic four steps methodology (problem formulation, effect and exposure analysis, risk characterisation [1]). The approach is developed for freshwater ecosystems receiving ore mining releases, exposed to uranium as a chemical element and as the radioactive families of its isotopes 234, 235 and 238. The structure and the function of the ecosystem are described by a conceptual model on which both the exposure and the effect analysis are based. Species Sensitivity Distributions are applied (1) to the chemotoxicity data, to estimate a Predicted-No-Effect-Concentration for uranium in water (in g/L); (2) to radiotoxicity effect data, to estimate a Predicted No-Effect-Dose-Rate (in Gy/h). The risk is assessed at first through the risk quotient approach, a screening method involving for the radiological aspect back calculation of the water limiting concentration from the PNEDR for each isotope taken into account. When significant, the assessment is refined applying probabilistic techniques. The whole approach applicability was tested on a real case-study related to a former uranium mining site.

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First Derivation of Predicted-No-Effect Values for Freshwater and Terrestrial Ecosystems Exposed to Radioactive Substances

Cited by 96 publications

References 9 publications

A Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessment and ranking method for liquid radioactive and chemical mixtures released by nuclear facilities under normal operating conditions

A Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessment and ranking method for liquid radioactive and chemical mixtures released by nuclear facilities under normal operating conditions

Development of an approach to assess critical doses and dose rates for cultivated plants

A unified Ecological Risk Assessment on freshwaters for chemical and radiological ecotoxicity: The uranium case

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