First detailed description of axial traction techniques by serefeddin sabuncuoglu in the 15th century

A History of Bracing for Idiopathic Scoliosis in North America

“…Galen's contribution mirrored the modern tactic but did little to improve outcomes as treatment was, of necessity, intermittent and no bracing was utilized [40]. Despite these shortcomings, variations of these devices were used up until the 16th century as alternative modalities were limited or nonexistent [4].…”

Pediatric neurosurgical techniques in the 15th century

“…2,14 However, Sabuncuoglu was the first to describe the axial traction technique for spinal fracture and dislocation in detail, as an alternative to Hippocrates' vertical traction technique. 10 More importantly, the presence of female surgeons, tabibe, operating on female patients from Anatolia as illustrated in Cerrahiyyetü 'l Haniyye, despite the influence of strict Islamic rules in Anatolia at that time, has additional meaning for readers as well as the surgical techniques and special instruments. 3 Sabuncuoglu was very forthcoming in illustrating the details of pediatric neurosurgical and obstetrical procedures, including a female physician operating on her female patients.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Cerrahiyyetü 'l Haniyye [Imperial Surgery], written in Old Turkish in 1465 by Sabuncuoglu at the age of 80, includes colored illustrations and descriptions of reduction techniques and surgical therapies, including incisions and cauterization procedures for the management of various neurosurgical diseases. 1,2,6,7,9,10 Furthermore, the colorfully miniaturized and illustrated textbook includes definitions of certain surgical diseases and their etiologies, and descriptions of various surgical instruments, from a wide range of surgical specialities, including pediatric neurosurgery. There are only three original handwritten copies of the book, in existence, one in the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris 4 and the other two in the Fatih Millet Library and the Department of Medical History of the _ Istanbul University Medical School in _ Istanbul.…”

The first Turkish illustrated surgical textbook ‘Cerrahiyetü’l-Haniyye’

“…Three different editions are known nowadays. Two of the books are in Istanbul (in Fatih Millet Library and in Library of Medicine History Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of İstanbul) and one of them is in Paris (Bibliothe′que Nationale) [1,8]. The book has been introduced again in the beginning of the twentieth century to the world of science.…”

“…Uzel pointed out that there were 137 differences between these two books [1]. In Cerrahiyetü'l-Haniyye, there are general surgery, pediatric surgery, plastic surgery, orthopedic surgery, thoracic surgery, urology, obstetrics and gynecology sections [1,2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”