First Detection and Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus in Sewage Samples in Cameroon

Fatawou, Modiyinji Abdou; Chavely, Monamele Gwladys; Henri, Moumbeket Yifomnjou Moise; Daniel, Kamga Njile; Claire, Endegue Zanga Marie; Richard, Njouom

doi:10.1007/s12560-023-09562-3

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such studies would perhaps help to understand the presence of HEV genotype 4 in these two regions of Cameroon. The presence of HEV genotype 4, in addition to the previously described HEV genotype 3 in humans, pigs and wastewater in Cameroon, supports and strengthens the hypothesis of zoonotic transmission of HEV in Cameroon [ 11 , 26 , 27 ]. Importation of pigs from European and Asian countries could be the route of introduction of HEV genotypes 3 and 4 into Cameroon [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The Far North region borders the North, where the first HEV outbreak was reported in 2013, with HEV genotypes 1 and 3 identified [ 11 ]. Our recent study of wastewater from the 10 administrative regions of Cameroon reported the presence of HEV genotype 3 in wastewater from the North region [ 27 ]. The Far North borders Chad, Niger and Nigeria, where outbreaks of HEV genotype 1 have been reported in recent years [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hepatitis E virus infections among patients with acute febrile jaundice in two regions of Cameroon: First molecular characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 4

Modiyinji,

Tankeu,

Monamele

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Febrile jaundice is a common indicator of certain infectious diseases, including hepatitis E. In Cameroon, the yellow fever virus is the only pathogen that is monitored in patients who present with this symptom. However, more than 90% of the samples received as part of this surveillance are negative for yellow fever. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype among yellow fever-negative patients in the Far North and West regions of Cameroon. Methods In a cross-sectional study, yellow fever surveillance-negative samples collected between January 2021 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Anti-HEV IgM and IgG antibodies were tested using commercially available ELISA kits. Anti-HEV IgM and/or IgG positive samples were tested for HEV RNA by real-time RT-PCR, followed by nested RT-PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results Overall, 121 of the 543 samples (22.3%, 95% CI: 19.0% - 26.0%) were positive for at least one anti-HEV marker. Amongst these, 8.1% (44/543) were positive for anti-HEV IgM, 5.9% (32/543) for anti-HEV IgG, and 8.3% (45/544) for both markers. A total of 15.2% (12/79) samples were positive for HEV RNA real-time RT-PCR and 8 samples were positive for HEV RNA by nested RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the retrieved sequences clustered within HEV genotypes/subtypes 1/1e, 3/3f and 4/4b. Conclusion Our results showed that HEV is one of the causes of acute febrile jaundice in patients enrolled in the yellow fever surveillance program in two regions of Cameroon. We described the circulation of three HEV genotypes, including two zoonotic genotypes. Further studies will be important to elucidate the transmission routes of these zoonotic HEV genotypes to humans in Cameroon.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus infections among patients with acute febrile jaundice in two regions of Cameroon: First molecular characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 4

Modiyinji,

Tankeu,

Monamele

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is considerable epidemiological evidence of waterborne HEV transmission, especially in Southern/South-East/Central Asia and North West Africa [24][25][26]. In contrast, genotypes 3 and 4, circulating primarily among mammalian animals, are responsible for zoonotic transmission [4,[27][28][29]. Pigs are omnivorous; hence, like humans, they are frequently infected via the fecal-oral route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Pork Sold in Saint-Louis, the North of Senegal

Tene,

Diouara,

Kane

et al. 2024

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen with various hosts, including pigs, which act as reservoirs. In industrialized countries, sporadic cases caused by genotype 3, contracted by ingesting contaminated uncooked or undercooked meat, have been reported. However, in developing countries, HEV infection is mainly dominated by genotype 2 and often associated with poor hygiene conditions and drinking water supplies. HEV infection and its circulation in domestic fauna in West Africa are poorly documented. This study aimed to assess the presence of HEV in pork sold in Saint-Louis, Senegal. Meat products (250 g samples, n = 74) were purchased in August 2022 from three locations. Then, 2 g/sample was minced to extract total nucleic acids using the Purelink™ Viral DNA/RNA kit. RT-PCR reactions were performed using the One-Taq™ One-Step RT-PCR kit targeting the HEV ORF2 genomic region. The products obtained were visualized on a 1% agarose gel. Of a total of 74 samples, divided into pork meat (n = 65) and pork liver (n = 9), 5.4% (n = 4) tested positive for HEV. In both cases, two samples were positive, representing a rate of 3.1% and 22.2% for meat and pork liver, respectively. All new viral sequences were obtained from a monophyletic group within HEV genotype 3. This study is the first to report the presence of HEV in pork sold in Senegal and the results reveal a potential circulation of HEV in the pig population. The high proportion of contamination in the pork liver samples highlights a major risk associated with their consumption.

show abstract

“…Genotypes 1 and 2 infecting only humans are transmitted through fecal-oral routes and are responsible for large HEV outbreaks in resource limited countries. In contrast, genotypes 3 and 4 circulating primarily among mammalian animals are responsible for zoonotic transmission [6][7][8][9]. In industrialized countries and in areas with good sanitation and water supply, only sporadic cases occur caused by genotype 3 acquired through zoonotic HEV infection by ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs and particularly by eating undercooked contaminated meat (pig flesh, raw liver, sausages, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in pork sold in Saint-Louis, the North of Senegal

Tene,

Diouara,

Kane

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen with a variety of hosts, including pigs, which act as reservoirs. In industrialized countries, sporadic cases caused by genotype 3, contracted by ingestion of contaminated uncooked or undercooked meat, have been reported. However, in developing countries, HEV infection is mainly dominated by genotype 2 and often associated with poor hygiene conditions and drinking water supplies. In West Africa, HEV infection and its circulation in domestic fauna are very poorly documented. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of HEV in pork sold in Saint-Louis. Meat products were collected between 20 and 25 August 2022 in three location of Saint-Louis region. After purchasing 250 g of sample, we minced 2 g of sample for extraction of total nucleic acids using the Purelink™ Viral DNA/RNA kit and then RT-PCR using the One-Taq™ One-Step RT-PCR kit targeting the HEV ORF2 genomic region. The products obtained were visualized on a 1% agarose gel. Of a total of 74 samples, divided into pork meat (n=65) and pork liver (n=9), 5.4% (n=4) were tested positive for HEV. In both cases, 2 samples were positive, representing a rate of 3.1% and 22.2% for meat and pork liver respectively. All new viral sequences obtained form a monophyletic group within HEV genotype 3. These preliminary results reveal a potential circulation of HEV in the pig population. The high proportion of contamination in the pork liver samples highlights a major risk associated with their consumption.

show abstract

First Detection and Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus in Sewage Samples in Cameroon

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Hepatitis E virus infections among patients with acute febrile jaundice in two regions of Cameroon: First molecular characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 4

Hepatitis E virus infections among patients with acute febrile jaundice in two regions of Cameroon: First molecular characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 4

Detection of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Pork Sold in Saint-Louis, the North of Senegal

Detection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in pork sold in Saint-Louis, the North of Senegal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About