First detection of anatoxin-a in human and animal dietary supplements containing cyanobacteria

Rellán, Sandra; Osswald, Joana; Saker, Martin L.; Gago-Martı́nez, Ana; Vasconcelos, Vı́tor

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2009.06.004

Cited by 69 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In one study, 70 % of supplements harvested from Upper Lake Klamath contained MCs at levels exceeding the regulatory limit of 1 μg g −1 MC-LR equivalent set by the Department of Health and the Department of Agriculture [25,26] in Oregon. Documented production of anatoxins by some A. flos-aquae strains has also been cited as a risk factor for use in dietary supplements [27,28]. While supplements prepared from Spirulina sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Feasibility study on production of a matrix reference material for cyanobacterial toxins

et al. 2015

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The worldwide increase in cyanobacterial contamination of freshwater lakes and rivers is of great concern as many cyanobacteria produce potent hepatotoxins and neurotoxins (cyanotoxins). Such toxins pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems, livestock, and drinking water supplies. In addition, dietary supplements prepared from cyanobacteria can pose a risk to consumers if they contain toxins. Analytical monitoring for toxins in the environment and in consumer products is essential for the protection of public health. Reference materials (RMs) are an essential tool for the development and validation of analytical methods and are necessary for ongoing quality control of monitoring operations. Since the availability of appropriate RMs for cyanotoxins has been very limited, the present study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of producing a cyanobacterial matrix RM containing various cyanotoxins. The first step was large-scale culturing of various cyanobacterial cultures that produce anatoxins, microcystins, and cylindrospermopsins. After harvesting, the biomass was lyophilized, blended, homogenized, milled, and bottled. The moisture content and physical characteristics were assessed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the production process. Toxin levels were measured by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and ultraviolet detection. The reference material was found to be homogeneous for toxin content. Stability studies showed no significant degradation of target toxins over a period of 310 days at temperatures up to +40 °C except for the anatoxin-a, which showed some degradation at +40 °C. These results show that a fit-for-purpose matrix RM for cyanotoxins can be prepared using the processes and techniques applied in this work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Feasibility study on production of a matrix reference material for cyanobacterial toxins

et al. 2015

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“…Anatoxin-a(s) is a unique N-hydroxyguanidine methyl phosphate ester that has been detected in the Americas (Monserrat et al, 2001) and Europe . Commercially available blue-green algae dietary supplements also represent a potential source (Rellán et al, 2009). …”

Section: Anatoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacterial (blue-green algae) toxins

Puschner

Roegner²

2012

Veterinary Toxicology

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“…Rellán et al, (2009) 39 amostras de suplementos dietéticos foram analisadas quanto a presença da neurotoxina Anatoxina-a, os resultados indicaram que 3 amostras (7,7%) continham a toxina em concentrações variando de 2,50 a 33 microgramas/grama. No entanto, como o único parâmetro toxicológico disponível para Anatoxina-a em mamíferos é a LC50 para ratos de 250 microgramas/quilograma, não foi possível determinar o risco preciso para a saúde humana e animal relacionado ao consumo dos suplementos analisados no trabalho.…”

Section: Bbr -Biochemistry and Biotechnology Reportsunclassified

Cianobactérias: uma revisão sobre potencial nutricional e alguns aspectos biotecnológicos

Oliveira

Campos-Galvão

et al. 2013

BBR

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SUMMARYCyanobacteria are used in human nutrition since ancient times, with very high biotechnological, therapeutical and nutrition potential. The aim of this article was to review the main nutritional aspects related to the cyanobacteria that justify its introduction in food. The studies analyzed dealt especially with the cyanobacterium Spirulina and highlighted the high content of assential amino acids and lipids, vitamins and minerals, and antioxidants. It is concluded that the cyanobacterial represent an excellent nutritional supplement and a potential source for use in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. It is suggested that more microalgae should be surveyed in order to expand the knowledge and application possibilities. Keywords

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First detection of anatoxin-a in human and animal dietary supplements containing cyanobacteria

Cited by 69 publications

References 15 publications

Feasibility study on production of a matrix reference material for cyanobacterial toxins

Feasibility study on production of a matrix reference material for cyanobacterial toxins

Cyanobacterial (blue-green algae) toxins

Cianobactérias: uma revisão sobre potencial nutricional e alguns aspectos biotecnológicos

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