First Detection of Bat Astroviruses (BtAstVs) among Bats in Poland: The Genetic BtAstVs Diversity Reveals Multiple Co-Infection of Bats with Different Strains

Orłowska, Anna; Smreczak, Marcin; Potyrało, Patrycja; Bomba, Arkadiusz; Trębas, Paweł; Rola, J.

doi:10.3390/v13020158

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Bat astroviruses are generally regarded as non-pathogenic for bats, but a recent study showed that Jamaican fruit bats, Artibeus jamaicensis, experience shifts in their gut microbiome towards increased pathogen-containing microbial genera, and may be more likely to contract co-infections after astrovirus infection [74]. Infections with two or more distinct astroviruses, as seen in one of our bat samples (21164-6), have been documented before-e.g., in a recent Polish study, where 5 out of 12 bats harboured multiple astroviruses, providing an opportunity for the recombination and emergence of new viruses [75]. Cross-species transmission and recombination between astroviruses of different species poses a risk to human and animal health, and is more common than previously thought [76,77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-Genome Sequences of Alphacoronaviruses and Astroviruses from Myotis and Pipistrelle Bats in Denmark

Lazov

Belsham

Bøtner

et al. 2021

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bat species worldwide are receiving increased attention for the discovery of emerging viruses, cross-species transmission, and zoonoses, as well as for characterizing virus infections specific to bats. In a previous study, we investigated the presence of coronaviruses in faecal samples from bats at different locations in Denmark, and made phylogenies based on short, partial ORF1b sequences. In this study, selected samples containing bat coronaviruses from three different bat species were analysed, using a non-targeted approach of next-generation sequencing. From the resulting metagenomics data, we assembled full-genome sequences of seven distinct alphacoronaviruses, three astroviruses, and a polyomavirus, as well as partial genome sequences of rotavirus H and caliciviruses, from the different bat species. Comparisons to published sequences indicate that the bat alphacoronaviruses belong to three different subgenera—i.e., Pedacovirus, Nyctacovirus, and Myotacovirus—that the astroviruses may be new species in the genus Mamastrovirus, and that the polyomavirus could also be a new species, but unassigned to a genus. Furthermore, several viruses of invertebrates—including two Rhopalosiphum padi (aphid) viruses and a Kadipiro virus—present in the faecal material were assembled. Interestingly, this is the first detection in Europe of a Kadipiro virus.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-Genome Sequences of Alphacoronaviruses and Astroviruses from Myotis and Pipistrelle Bats in Denmark

Lazov

Belsham

Bøtner

et al. 2021

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gregarious bats, for instance, often carry a variety of viral strains (e.g. [ 34 , 35 ].) and have been implicated as reservoirs of SARS-like CoVs [ 69 ] and sources of SARS-CoV-2 [ 70 ].…”

Section: Expected Impacts Of Co-infections On Microbial Communities: ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rodents, bats, primates and birds spearhead the list of diverse zoonotic vectors and reservoirs with regular interactions with humans as we further encroach on their natural habitats [63,64]. Moreover, these taxa are often highly co-infected [31,35,[65][66][67]. Infections in wildlife are likely so common that an uninfected state may prove itself to be a rare circumstance [65].…”

Section: Box 1: Tracking Changes In Microbiomes From Wild Animals Is ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet our knowledge about the impact of parasitic infections on the microbiome largely stems from single infections, aiming to link cause and effect. Little attention has been paid to the impact of co-infections even though they are the norm in nature [ 24 , 25 ]: for instance, 46% of all bank voles ( Myodes glarolus ) infected with the tick-borne bacterium “ Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis” were co-infected with the zoonotic Lyme disease agent Borrelia afyelii [ 31 ]; and 79% of field voles ( Microtus agrestis ) were co-infected with a protozoan, virus and/or bacteria [ 32 ]; 72% of helminth-infected marbled spinefoot rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus were also infected with at least one additional helminth species [ 33 ]; viral co-infections in virus-positive bats range from approximately 1% [ 34 ] to up to 40% [ 35 ]. In humans, co-infections are conservatively estimated at 30%, even though some estimates extend as high as 80% for some communities [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), for instance, infected with the cestode Schistocephalus solidus had a more dispersed and shifted gut microbial community [22]. * = significant differences (i.e., p-value < 0.05); ns = non-significant differences (i.e., p-value > 0.05) bacterium "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis" were co-infected with the zoonotic Lyme disease agent Borrelia afyelii [31]; and 79% of field voles (Microtus agrestis) were co-infected with a protozoan, virus and/or bacteria [32]; 72% of helminth-infected marbled spinefoot rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus were also infected with at least one additional helminth species [33]; viral co-infections in virus-positive bats range from approximately 1% [34] to up to 40% [35]. In humans, co-infections are conservatively estimated at 30%, even though some estimates extend as high as 80% for some communities [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A framework for testing the impact of co-infections on host gut microbiomes

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parasitic infections disturb gut microbial communities beyond their natural range of variation, possibly leading to dysbiosis. Yet it remains underappreciated that most infections are accompanied by one or more co-infections and their collective impact is largely unexplored. Here we developed a framework illustrating changes to the host gut microbiome following single infections, and build on it by describing the neutral, synergistic or antagonistic impacts on microbial α- and ß-diversity expected from co-infections. We tested the framework on microbiome data from a non-human primate population co-infected with helminths and Adenovirus, and matched patterns reported in published studies to the introduced framework. In this case study, α-diversity of co-infected Malagasy mouse lemurs (Microcebus griseorufus) did not differ in comparison with that of singly infected or uninfected individuals, even though community composition captured with ß-diversity metrices changed significantly. Explicitly, we record stochastic changes in dispersion, a sign of dysbiosis, following the Anna-Karenina principle rather than deterministic shifts in the microbial gut community. From the literature review and our case study, neutral and synergistic impacts emerged as common outcomes from co-infections, wherein both shifts and dispersion of microbial communities following co-infections were often more severe than after a single infection alone, but microbial α-diversity was not universally altered. Important functions of the microbiome may also suffer from such heavily altered, though no less species-rich microbial community. Lastly, we pose the hypothesis that the reshuffling of host-associated microbial communities due to the impact of various, often coinciding parasitic infections may become a source of novel or zoonotic diseases.

show abstract