First detection of Cytauxzoon spp. infection in European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris) of Italy

Veronesi, Fabrizia; Ravagnan, Silvia; Cerquetella, Matteo; Carli, Erika; Olivieri, Emanuela; Santoro, Azzurra; Pesaro, Stefano; Berardi, Sara; Rossi, Giacomo; Ragni, Bernardino; Beraldo, Paola; Capelli, Gioia

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.04.003

Cited by 37 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Cytauxzoon felis causes a generally highly fatal disease in domestic cats in the USA, with wild felids such as the bobcats ( Lynx rufus ) and pumas ( Puma concolor ) as the main reservoirs for this pathogen [35]. However, other species of Cytauxzoon infecting wild or domestic felids outside America have been described, including C. manul , molecularly characterized from a Pallas’ cat ( Otocolobus manul ) from Mongolia [36, 37], and genetically-close Cytauxzoon sp., reported in wild felids and domestic cats from Spain, France, Portugal and Italy [11, 22, 23, 25, 27, 38–41]. Information on the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of infection of domestic cats by other species distinct from C. felis is still scarce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon sp. in domestic and stray cats from Madrid, Spain

et al. 2017

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BackgroundDifferent species of apicomplexan protozoans of the genera Hepatozoon and Cytauxzoon can infect domestic cats, but their epidemiology and clinical relevance are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to assess the molecular prevalence of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon spp. and to identify associated risk factors and clinical and laboratory abnormalities in a population of cats from Madrid, Spain.MethodsSix hundred and forty-four client-owned and stray cats from Madrid, Spain, were included in this study. DNA samples were analyzed by two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests to detect a partial sequence of the 18S rRNA gene of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon spp. In order to evaluate possible associations between infection by these protozoans and epidemiological or clinical parameters, data were collected related to: the season of sample collection, age, gender, spayed/neutered status, breed, living area, lifestyle, outdoor access, contact with other animals, prey on wild animals, history of tick or flea infestation, travel history, ectoparasiticide treatment, previous blood transfusion, previous tetracycline administration in the last 60 days, Feline Leukemia virus (FeLV) and Feline Immunodeficiency virus (FIV) status, positivity to other vector-borne diseases, the presence or absence of clinical signs and hematological or biochemical alterations.ResultsDNA of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon sp. was amplified from the blood of 10 (1.6%) and 8 (1.2%) cats, respectively. Previous treatment with tetracyclines in the last 60 days, previous administration of blood transfusion, a decrease in haematocrit and an increase in creatinine were associated with Hepatozoon spp. infection. Cytauxzoon sp. infection was more frequent in samples collected during the winter months and in cats living in rural areas. This infection was associated with a FIV-positive status. Some of the cats that were positive for Hepatozoon spp. or Cytauxzoon sp. had been exposed to other vector-borne pathogens, such as Ehrlichia canis and Bartonella henselae.ConclusionsOur results indicate that cats from Madrid, central Spain, are infected with Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon sp., although with a low prevalence. Further studies are needed to determine the virulence of these agents in Spanish cats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon sp. in domestic and stray cats from Madrid, Spain

et al. 2017

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“…Sporadic infections of wild and domestic felids with a new and genetically distinct species described as “ Cytauxzoon sp.” were reported in European countries such as Spain [7–11], France [11], Italy [12–14], Portugal [15], and Romania [16], but reports presenting clinical expression of the infection are rare and incomplete. Cytauxzoon sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First clinical case report of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in a domestic cat in France

Legroux¹,

Halos²,

René‐Martellet

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundFeline cytauxzoonosis is an emerging infection caused by tick-transmitted apicomplexan parasites of the genus Cytauxzoon. The association of clinical disease with Cytauxzoon infection appears to be limited to C. felis infections in the Americas. Sporadic infections of wild and domestic felids with Cytauxzoon sp. were recently described in European countries but clinical reports of the infection are rare and incomplete. This case report brings new interesting information on cytauxzoonosis expression in Europe.Case presentationA 9-years-old castrated European shorthair cat living in rural area of north-eastern France (Saint Sauveur, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region), without any travel history was presented for consultation due to hyperthermia, anorexia, depression and prolonged fever that didn’t respond to antibiotic therapy. The cat had outdoor access with a history of vagrancy and was adequately vaccinated (core vaccines and FeLV vaccine). During biological investigations, intraerythrocytic inclusions were observed on blood smear and were further investigated by PCR analysis and sequencing. Molecular analyses confirmed Cytauxzoon sp. infection. The cat was treated with a subcutaneous injection of imidocarb dipropionate (3.5 mg/kg). One week after treatment, the cat improved clinically, although parasitic inclusions within erythrocytes persisted, and only a mild lymphocytosis was found. Two weeks after treatment, the cat appeared in excellent health, appetite was normal and parasitemia was negative. However, one month after treatment the cat relapsed with hyperthermia, anorexia, and depression. Blood smears and PCR were once again positive. Subsequently, the cat received an additional dose of imidocarb dipropionate (3.5 mg/kg SC) and recovered rapidly without other clinical signs. Two weeks after the second imidocarb injection, the cat was hit by a car and died.ConclusionThis case provides the first clinical description of infection by Cytauxzoon sp. in a domestic cat in France. These findings support the fact that cytauxzoonosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute febrile illness which does not respond to antibiotic in cats with outdoor access especially in areas where populations of wild felids are present.

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“…The standard deviation (SK) and energy (EK) are first computed using equation 4and equation 5respectively. Therefore, we introduce discreet wavelet packet transform (DWPT) [40] to decompose every sub-band further which contains the approximate description in LL as well as detailed ones in LH and HL at each level. We exclude the HH sub-band with the cognition that it contains majority of the noise so that it brings about worse performance.…”

Section: Wavelet-based Feature Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence in this way the wavelet transform is capable of providing the detailed analysis of the image data and extract more features in varied directions. Instead of Daubechies-4 wavelet filters used in [40], we modify the wavelet base function and make it further decompose at every sub-band with symlet wavelet filters which gives 4, 16 and 64 sub-bands at each level respectively. The support range of symlet wavelet is 2N-1, where N is the vanishing moment and we define N = 3.…”

Section: Wavelet-based Feature Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsupervised Greenhouse Tomato Plant Segmentation Based on Self-Adaptive Iterative Latent Dirichlet Allocation from Surveillance Camera

Cao

2019

Agronomy

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It has long been a great concern in deep learning that we lack massive data for high-precision training sets, especially in the agriculture field. Plants in images captured in greenhouses, from a distance or up close, not only have various morphological structures but also can have a busy background, leading to huge challenges in labeling and segmentation. This article proposes an unsupervised statistical algorithm SAI-LDA (self-adaptive iterative latent Dirichlet allocation) to segment greenhouse tomato images from a field surveillance camera automatically, borrowing the language model LDA. Hierarchical wavelet features with an overlapping grid word document design and a modified density-based method quick-shift are adopted, respectively, according to different kinds of images, which are classified by specific proportions between fruits, leaves, and the background. We also utilize the feature correlation between several layers of the image to make further optimization through three rounds of iteration of LDA, with updated documents to achieve finer segmentation. Experiment results show that our method can automatically label the organs of the greenhouse plant under complex circumstances, fast and precisely, overcoming the difficulty of inferior real-time image quality caused by a surveillance camera, and thus obtain large amounts of valuable training sets.

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First detection of Cytauxzoon spp. infection in European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris) of Italy

Cited by 37 publications

References 44 publications

Molecular detection of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon sp. in domestic and stray cats from Madrid, Spain

Molecular detection of Hepatozoon spp. and Cytauxzoon sp. in domestic and stray cats from Madrid, Spain

First clinical case report of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in a domestic cat in France

Unsupervised Greenhouse Tomato Plant Segmentation Based on Self-Adaptive Iterative Latent Dirichlet Allocation from Surveillance Camera

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