First detection of extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in Australian food-producing animals

Abraham, Sam; Jordan, David; Wong, Hui San; Johnson, James R.; Toleman, Mark A.; Wakeham, David L.; Gordon, David M.; Turnidge, John; Mollinger, Joanne L.; Gibson, Justine S.; Trott, Darren J.

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2015.08.002

Cited by 101 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Transport of pigs between these sites would result in a more widespread spreading of clones [28]. Likewise, in line with previous studies, E. coli may be transmitted from farm to farm by vehicles such as transport trucks and visitors on farms (truck drivers, veterinarians, producers, technicians) or by farm workers [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…E. coli of phylotypes B2 and D, possessing virulence factors PapC and CNF and serogroup O4, are associated with diseases such as urinary tract infection in humans [40], suggesting a zoonotic potential. Similarly, a recent Australian study reported human-associated zoonotic clones in pigs and cattle [30]. The results observed in the current study are based on our collection that includes 91% pathogenic E. coli from clinical cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diseased pigs in Quebec, Canada

Jahanbakhsh

Smith

Kohan-Ghadr

et al. 2016

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diseased pigs in Quebec, Canada

Jahanbakhsh

Smith

Kohan-Ghadr

et al. 2016

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…In contrast, although phylogroup F was rare overall (7%), among non-ST131 isolates it was associated significantly with resistance to fluoroquinolones and/or ESCs. Since both phylogroups B2 and F are associated with extraintestinal virulence (30)(31)(32), their associations here with fluoroquinolone resistance underscore the poten-tial risk of acquiring antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic E. coli from diarrheal feces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 and Other Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli from Clinical Stool Samples from Veterans

Mohamed

Clabots

Porter

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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bEmerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), including Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) and its resistance-associated H30 subclone, constitute an ever-growing public health threat. Their reservoirs and transmission pathways are incompletely defined. To assess diarrheal stools as a potential reservoir for ST131-H30 and other MDR GNB, we cultured 100 clinical stool samples from a Veterans Affairs Medical Center clinical laboratory (October to December 2011) for fluoroquinolone-and extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant E. coli and other GNB, plus total E. coli. We then characterized selected resistant and susceptible E. coli isolates by clonal group, phylogenetic group, virulence genotype, and pulsotype and screened all isolates for antimicrobial resistance. Overall, 79 of 100 stool samples yielded GNB (52 E. coli; 48 other GNB). Fifteen samples yielded fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli (10 were ST131, of which 9 were H30), 6 yielded ESC-resistant E. coli (2 were ST131, both non-H30), and 31 yielded susceptible E. coli (1 was ST131, non-H30), for 13 total ST131-positive samples. Fourteen non-E. coli GNB were ESC resistant, and three were fluoroquinolone resistant. Regardless of species, almost half (46%) of the fluoroquinolone-resistant and/or ESC-resistant non-E. coli GNB were resistant to at least three drug classes. Fecal ST131 isolates closely resembled reference clinical ST131 isolates according to virulence genotypes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles. Thus, a substantial minority (30%) of veterans with diarrhea who undergo stool testing excrete antibiotic-resistant GNB, including E. coli ST131. Consequently, diarrhea may pose transmission risks for more than just diarrheal pathogens and may help disseminate clinically relevant ST131 strains and other MDR GNB within hospitals and the community. M ultidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) are important extraintestinal pathogens that pose an evergrowing public health threat. Among the various clinically important GNB, Escherichia coli is a leading source of illness, death, and health care costs (1). Over the past 2 decades E. coli clinical isolates have shown an increasing prevalence of resistance to first-line antibiotics, notably fluoroquinolones (FQs) and extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) (2-4). The main contributor to this worsening resistance trend is the H30 subclone within E. coli sequence type 131 (ST131), which is a newly emerged, globally disseminated MDR extraintestinal pathogen (5).One suspected route of transmission of MDR GNB is humanto-human spread via the fecal-oral route. Supporting this hypothesis for ST131 is the evidence of fecal colonization with ST131 among patients with an ST131 infection and their healthy close contacts in patterns suggesting within-household transmission (6-8). Compared with formed stools, diarrhea presumably would provide even more opportunities for fecal shedding, environmental contamination, and person-to-person transmission. To our knowledge,...

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“…The CoPS isolates were collected during the first national survey of antimicrobial resistance in Australian animal pathogens, which took place over 12 months (January 2013 to January 2014) with the cooperation of all veterinary diagnostic laboratories in each Australian state and territory (n = 22) [23]. Submitting laboratories were instructed to forward coagulase-positive isolates that were considered to be clinically relevant to the presenting condition, as judged by the diagnostic microbiologist.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

et al. 2017

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Methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) have become increasingly recognised as opportunistic pathogens that limit therapeutic options in companion animals. The frequency of methicillin resistance amongst clinical isolates on an Australia-wide level is unknown. This study determined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for CoPS isolated from clinical infections in companion animals (dogs, cats and horses) as part of the first nation-wide survey on antimicrobial resistance in animal pathogens in Australia for a one-year period (January 2013 to January 2014). Clinical Staphylococcus spp. isolates (n = 888) obtained from 22 veterinary diagnostic laboratories were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 16 antimicrobials, representing 12 antimicrobial classes. Potential risk factors associated with methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs were analysed based on demographic factors and clinical history, including gender, age, previous antimicrobial treatment, chronic and/or recurrent diseases and site of infections. The most commonly identified CoPS were S. pseudintermedius (70.8%; dogs n = 616, cats n = 13) and S. aureus (13.2%, horses n = 53, dogs n = 47 and cats n = 17). Overall, the frequency of methicillin resistance among S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and S. aureus (MRSA) was 11.8% and 12.8%, respectively. MRSP isolates were strongly associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones (OR 287; 95%CI 91.2–1144.8) and clindamycin (OR 105.2, 95%CI 48.5–231.9). MRSA isolates from dogs and cats were also more likely to be resistant to fluoroquinolones (OR 5.4, 95%CI 0.6–252.1), whereas MRSA from horses were more likely to be resistant to rifampicin. In multivariate analysis, MRSP-positive status was significantly associated with particular infection sites, including surgical (OR 8.8; 95%CI 3.74–20.7), and skin and soft tissue (OR 3.9; 95%CI 1.97–7.51). S. pseudintermedius isolated from dogs with surgical site infections were three times more likely to be methicillin-resistant if cases had received prior antimicrobial treatment. Whilst the survey results indicate the proportion of CoPS obtained from Australian companion animals that are methicillin-resistant is currently moderate, the identified risk factors suggest that it could rapidly increase without adequate biosecurity and infection control procedures in veterinary practice.

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First detection of extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in Australian food-producing animals

Cited by 101 publications

References 24 publications

Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diseased pigs in Quebec, Canada

Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diseased pigs in Quebec, Canada

Isolation and Characterization of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 and Other Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli from Clinical Stool Samples from Veterans

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

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