First discoveries of<i>z</i> ∼ 6 quasars with the Kilo-Degree Survey and VISTA Kilo-Degree Infrared Galaxy survey

Venemans, Bram; Kleijn, G. A. Verdoes; Mwebaze, Johnson; Valentijn, E. A.; Bañados, Eduardo; Decarli, Roberto; Jong, J. T. A. de; Findlay, Joseph R.; Kuijken, Konrad; Barbera, F. La; McFarland, John; McMahon, R. G.; Napolitano, N. R.; Sikkema, Gert; Sutherland, William J.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1774

Cited by 95 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The 9-band u through K s photometry from the combined surveys goes up to ∼2 mag deeper than SDSS, UKIDSS and the Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System 1 (Pan-STARRS1; Bañados et al 2014). So far we have discovered nine such QSOs, where the first four are published in Venemans et al (2015). KiDS is also a useful ingredient in the detection of very high redshift (z > 6.4) QSOs with VIKING.…”

Section: High-redshift Quasar Searchesmentioning

confidence: 91%

The first and second data releases of the Kilo-Degree Survey

Jong

Kleijn

Boxhoorn

et al. 2015

A&A

274

229

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Context. The Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) is an optical wide-field imaging survey carried out with the VLT Survey Telescope and the OmegaCAM camera. KiDS will image 1500 square degrees in four filters (ugri), and together with its near-infrared counterpart VIKING will produce deep photometry in nine bands. Designed for weak lensing shape and photometric redshift measurements, its core science driver is mapping the large-scale matter distribution in the Universe back to a redshift of ∼0.5. Secondary science cases include galaxy evolution, Milky Way structure, and the detection of high-redshift clusters and quasars. Aims. KiDS is an ESO Public Survey and dedicated to serving the astronomical community with high-quality data products derived from the survey data. Public data releases, the first two of which are presented here, are crucial for enabling independent confirmation of the survey's scientific value. The achieved data quality and initial scientific utilization are reviewed in order to validate the survey data. Methods. A dedicated pipeline and data management system based on A-WISE, combined with newly developed masking and source classification tools, is used for the production of the data products described here. Science projects based on these data products and preliminary results are outlined. Results. For 148 survey tiles (≈160 sq.deg.) stacked ugri images have been released, accompanied by weight maps, masks, source lists, and a multi-band source catalogue. Limiting magnitudes are typically 24.3, 25.1, 24.9, 23.8 (5σ in a 2 aperture) in ugri, respectively, and the typical r-band PSF size is less than 0.7 . The photometry prior to global homogenization is stable at the ∼2% (4%) level in gri (u) with some outliers due to non-photometric conditions, while the astrometry shows a typical 2D rms of 0.03 . Early scientific results include the detection of nine high-z QSOs, fifteen candidate strong gravitational lenses, high-quality photometric redshifts and structural parameters for hundreds of thousands of galaxies.

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Section: High-redshift Quasar Searchesmentioning

confidence: 91%

The first and second data releases of the Kilo-Degree Survey

Jong

Kleijn

Boxhoorn

et al. 2015

A&A

274

229

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“…With the advent of the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) Kilo-degree Infrared Galaxy (VIKING) survey, more z>6.5 quasars have been discovered in recent years (Venemans et al 2013(Venemans et al , 2015. New optical wide-field surveys such as the Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System 1 (Pan-STARRS1; Kaiser et al 2010) 3π survey and the Dark Energy Survey (Dark Energy Survey Collaboration et al 2016) are equipped with a y-band filter centered at 9500-10000 Å, and are starting to deliver many more quasars at 6z7 (Bañados et al 2014;Reed et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SUBARU HIGH-z EXPLORATION OF LOW-LUMINOSITY QUASARS (SHELLQs). I. DISCOVERY OF 15 QUASARS AND BRIGHT GALAXIES AT 5.7 < z < 6.9^∗ †

Matsuoka

Onoue

Kashikawa

et al. 2016

ApJ

200

190

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We report the discovery of 15 quasars and bright galaxies at 5.7<z<6.9. This is the initial result from the Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars project, which exploits the exquisite multiband imaging data produced by the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Strategic Program survey. The candidate selection is performed by combining several photometric approaches including a Bayesian probabilistic algorithm to reject stars and dwarfs. The spectroscopic identification was carried out with the Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Subaru Telescope for the first 80 deg 2 of the survey footprint. The success rate of our photometric selection is quite high, approaching 100% at the brighter magnitudes (z AB <23.5 mag). Our selection also recovered all the known high-z quasars on the HSC images. Among the 15 discovered objects, six are likely quasars, while the other six with interstellar absorption lines and in some cases narrow emission lines are likely bright Lyman-break galaxies. The remaining three objects have weak continua and very strong and narrow Lyα lines, which may be excited by ultraviolet light from both young stars and quasars. These results indicate that we are starting to see the steep rise of the luminosity function of z6 galaxies, compared with that of quasars, at magnitudes fainter than M 1450 ∼−22 mag or z AB ∼24 mag. Follow-up studies of the discovered objects as well as further survey observations are ongoing.

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“…Currently, there are more than 170 known QSOs at z>5.6 (e.g., Fan et al 2006;Jiang et al 2009;Willott et al 2010;Bañados et al 2014Bañados et al , 2015aBañados et al , 2016Carnall et al 2015;Reed et al 2015;Venemans et al 2015a;Jiang et al 2016;Matsuoka et al 2016), only 12 of which are located at z>6.5 (Mortlock et al 2011;Venemans et al 2013Venemans et al , 2015bMatsuoka et al 2016Matsuoka et al , 2017Mazzucchelli et al 2017a). The host galaxies of these very first QSOs are actively forming stars, with prodigious star-formation rates SFR>100 M yr 1 -  (Venemans et al 2012, and were able to grow SMBHs with masses exceeding M BH =10 9 M  in less than 800 Myr (De Rosa et al 2014;Venemans et al 2015b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Lyα Emission around a z ∼ 6.6 QSO with MUSE: Extended Emission and a Companion at a Close Separation

Farina

Venemans

Decarli

et al. 2017

ApJ

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We utilize the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the Very Large Telescope to search for extended Lyα emission around the z∼6.6 QSO J0305−3150. After carefully subtracting the point spread function, we reach a nominal 5σ surface-brightness limit of SB 5σ =1.9×10−18 ergs −1 cm −2 arcsec −2 over a 1arcsec 2 aperture, collapsing fivewavelength slices centered at the expected location of the redshifted Lyα emission (i.e., at 9256 Å). Current data suggest the presence (5σ accounting for systematics) of a Lyα nebula that extends for 9 kpc around the QSO. This emission is displaced and redshifted by 155 km s −1 with respect to the location of the QSO host galaxy traced by the [C II] 158 μm emission line. The total luminosity is L Lya ( )=(3.0 ± 0.4)× 10 42 ergs −1 . Our analysis suggests that this emission is unlikely to rise from optically thick clouds illuminated by the ionizing radiation of the QSO. It is more plausible that the Lyα emission is due to the fluorescence of the highly ionized optically thin gas. This scenario implies a high hydrogen volume density of n 6 H~c m −3 . In addition, we detect a Lyα emitter (LAE) in the immediate vicinity of the QSO, i.e., with a projected separation of ∼12.5 kpc and a line-of-sight velocity difference of 560 km s . The probability of finding such a close LAE is one order of magnitude above the expectations based on the QSO-galaxy cross-correlation function. This discovery is in agreement with a scenario where dissipative interactions favor the rapid build-up of supermassive black holes at early cosmic times.

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First discoveries ofz ∼ 6 quasars with the Kilo-Degree Survey and VISTA Kilo-Degree Infrared Galaxy survey

Cited by 95 publications

References 49 publications

The first and second data releases of the Kilo-Degree Survey

The first and second data releases of the Kilo-Degree Survey

SUBARU HIGH-z EXPLORATION OF LOW-LUMINOSITY QUASARS (SHELLQs). I. DISCOVERY OF 15 QUASARS AND BRIGHT GALAXIES AT 5.7 < z < 6.9^∗ †

Mapping the Lyα Emission around a z ∼ 6.6 QSO with MUSE: Extended Emission and a Companion at a Close Separation

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First discoveries ofz ∼ 6 quasars with the Kilo-Degree Survey and VISTA Kilo-Degree Infrared Galaxy survey

Cited by 95 publications

References 49 publications

The first and second data releases of the Kilo-Degree Survey

The first and second data releases of the Kilo-Degree Survey

SUBARU HIGH-z EXPLORATION OF LOW-LUMINOSITY QUASARS (SHELLQs). I. DISCOVERY OF 15 QUASARS AND BRIGHT GALAXIES AT 5.7 < z < 6.9∗ †

Mapping the Lyα Emission around a z ∼ 6.6 QSO with MUSE: Extended Emission and a Companion at a Close Separation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

SUBARU HIGH-z EXPLORATION OF LOW-LUMINOSITY QUASARS (SHELLQs). I. DISCOVERY OF 15 QUASARS AND BRIGHT GALAXIES AT 5.7 < z < 6.9^∗ †