First‐grade child risk behaviors for community violence exposure in middle school

Boyd, Rhonda C.; Cooley, Michele R.; Lambert, Sharon F.; Ialongo, Nicholas S.

doi:10.1002/jcop.10047

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Prior research has demonstrated that aggressive behavior in elementary school is associated with exposure to community violence in adolescence (Boyd et al, 2003). Consistent with that research, the current study found that early adolescent aggressive behavior was positively associated with subsequent exposure to community violence.…”

Section: Youth Behavior and Community Violence Exposuresupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Comparable studies with community samples have been limited. Boyd, Cooley, Lambert, and Ialongo (2003) examined child behavioral risk factors for community violence exposure in a community sample of urban adolescents assessed longitudinally. Parent and teacher reports of children's aggressive behavior in first grade were associated with witnessing more community violence in middle school.…”

Section: Youth Behavior As a Risk Factor For Community Violence Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, few studies have examined factors that place youth at risk for exposure to community violence. The few existing studies addressing this issue (e.g., Boyd et al, 2003;Weist et al, 2001) suggest that child behavior predicts exposure to community violence. However, this prior research has used high-risk samples and/or not examined factors that may moderate the risk for community violence exposure associated with youth behavior.…”

Section: Study Goals and Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

Lambert

Ialongo

Boyd

et al. 2005

American Journal of Community Psychology

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149

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Community violence is recognized a significant public health problem. However, only a paucity of research has examined risk factors for community violence exposure across domains relevant to adolescents or using longitudinal data. This study examined youth aggressive behavior in relation to community violence exposure among a community epidemiologically defined sample of 582 (45% female) urban adolescents. Internalizing behaviors, deviant peer affiliation, and parental monitoring were examined as moderators of the association between aggressive behavior and exposure to community violence. For males with aggressive behavior problems and deviant peer affiliation or low parental monitoring, co-occurring anxiety symptoms protected against subsequent witnessing community violence. In contrast, males with aggressive behavior problems and co-occurring depressive symptoms were at increased risk for witnessing community violence. Implications of the findings for preventive interventions and future research are discussed.KEY WORDS: community violence exposure; deviant peer affiliation; aggression; adolescence.Youth exposure to community violence as witnesses or victims is a significant public health problem with negative consequences for several aspects of youth adjustment. Community violence exposure in youth has been associated with difficulties in emotional, behavioral, and adaptive functioning including depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, aggression, poor academic functioning and achievement, and health problems (Cooley-Quille,

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Section: Youth Behavior and Community Violence Exposuresupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Youth Behavior As a Risk Factor For Community Violence Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Goals and Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

Lambert

Ialongo

Boyd

et al. 2005

American Journal of Community Psychology

Self Cite

149

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“…However, results from work examining risk for exposure (Boyd, Cooley, Lambert, & Ialongo, 2003;Lambert, Ialongo, Boyd, & Cooley, 2005), and from an earlier analysis of our own, showed that aggressive antisocial behavior produced the opposite result. It increased risk for later community violence exposure (Salzinger, Ng-Mak, Feldman, Kam, & Rosario, 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Aggressive behavior in response to violence exposure: is it adaptive for middle‐school children?

Salzinger

Rosario

Feldman

et al. 2008

Journal Community Psychology

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The role of aggression in adaptation to family and community violence was examined in a sample of 667 inner-city schoolchildren studied annually over three years in middle school. Regression analyses indicated that the association between Year 1 exposure to family and community violence and Year 2 aggression was mediated by aggression occurring contemporaneously with Year 1 exposure. Cognitive justification of aggression and friends' delinquency made small independent contributions to prediction of Year 2 aggression, delinquency, and externalizing behaviors. Year 2 aggression mediated the association between Year 1 community violence victimization and Year 3 negative adaptation (internalizing problems, anxiety, and depression). Year 2 aggression also mediated the negative association between Year 1 witnessing community violence and Year 3 positive adaptation (self-esteem). Cognitive justification of aggression and friends' delinquency made independent

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“…It has been documented that children's aggression at a young age is linked to later exposure to violence (Boyd, Cooley, Lambert, & Ialongo, 2003). By controlling for levels of behavior problems in early childhood, in addition to maternal age at childbirth and early maternal aggression, it is less likely that linkages with adolescent conduct problems are artifacts of very early environmental effects, but instead are consequences of the exposure to violence during middle childhood.…”

Section: Children Of Adolescent Mothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence breeds violence: Childhood exposure and adolescent conduct problems

Weaver

Borkowski

Whitman

2007

Journal Community Psychology

110

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The relationships between childhood exposure to violence and adolescent conduct problems were investigated in a sample of 88 primiparous adolescent mothers and their children. Regression analyses revealed that witnessing violence and victimization prior to age 10 predicted delinquency and violent behaviors, even after controlling for prenatal maternal and early childhood externalizing problems. Social competency and depression during middle childhood moderated the relationship between victimization and violent behaviors for girls, but not boys: Lower levels of social competency and depression served as risk factors for delinquency among teenage girls who experienced victimization during childhood. These findings have important implications for youth violence prevention programs.Exposure to violence has been consistently linked to antisocial behavior among youth. For example, violence victimization was found to be the single best predictor of juvenile violent behaviors for both boys and girls in a nationally representative sample of adolescents (Blum, Ireland, & Blum, 2003). Among urban Black adolescents, retrospective reports of witnessing violence and victimization were the strongest predictors of current use of violence, such as involvement in fights and the carrying of weapons (Durant, Cadenhead, Pendergrast, Slavens, & Linder, 1994). Relatedly, Jenkins and Bell (1994) indicated that weapon carrying is often done out of a fear of victimization rather than a violent or malicious intent. Research is needed to identify the factors that precipitate, protect against, and exacerbate adolescent conduct problems so that successful preventive efforts may be developed and implemented. The current study investigated the effects of childhood exposure to violence on adolescent conduct problems among children of adolescent mothers.Violence exposure occurring specifically in the home, school, or community has been associated with the development of conduct problems in children. For example, Flannery, Singer, Williams, and Castro (1998) found that violent behavior among adolescents who were exposed to high levels of home violence was three times higher for girls and two times higher for boys when compared with adolescents from low-violence homes. In a longitudinal study of inner city males, histories of maltreatment predicted higher levels of persistent serious delinquency over 6 years (between the ages of 8 and 12), even after controlling for family and demographic factors (Stouthamer-Loeber, Wei, Homish, & Loeber, 2002). Likewise, exposure to violence at school has been associated with concurrent violent behaviors as well as psychological trauma (Flannery, Wester, & Singer, 2004). Furthermore, witnessing of, and victimization from, community-based violence were found to contribute to the development of conduct problems over one year in a high-risk sample of urban adolescents, even after controlling for baseline levels of antisocial behavior (Pearce, Jones, Schwab-Stone, & Ruchkin, 2003). In addition to the local...

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First‐grade child risk behaviors for community violence exposure in middle school

Cited by 35 publications

References 46 publications

Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

Risk Factors for Community Violence Exposure in Adolescence

Aggressive behavior in response to violence exposure: is it adaptive for middle‐school children?

Violence breeds violence: Childhood exposure and adolescent conduct problems

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