First isolation of <i>Rickettsia monacensis</i> from a patient in South Korea

Kim, So Hyun; Choi, Yeon‐Joo; Lee, Kyung-Min; Ahn, Kyu-Joong; Kim, Sang Hyun; Klein, Terry A.; Jiang, Ju; Richards, Allen L.; Park, Kyung-Hee; Jang, Won‐Jong

doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12496

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Rickettsia helvetica has been detected in Ixodes ticks in many European and Asian countries, and there is evidence that it may cause disease in humans [ 30 ]. On the other hand, cases of R. monacensis infection in humans have been reported in Spain, Italy, the Netherlands and South Korea [ 31 ]. In our study, both R. helvetica and R. monacensis were mainly associated with I. ricinus ticks, and infection rates were similar to those reported earlier in eastern European countries [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale countrywide screening for tick-borne pathogens in field-collected ticks in Latvia during 2017–2019

et al. 2020

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Background Tick-borne diseases are of substantial concern worldwide in both humans and animals. Several hard tick species are of medical and veterinary interest in Europe, and changes in the range of tick species can affect the spread of zoonotic pathogens. The aim of the present study was to map the current prevalence and distribution pattern of ticks and related tick-borne pathogens in Latvia, a Baltic state in northern Europe. Methods Nearly 4600 Ixodes ricinus , I. persulcatus and Dermacentor reticulatus tick samples were collected in all regions of Latvia during 2017–2019 and were screened by molecular methods to reveal the prevalence and distribution pattern of a wide spectrum of tick-borne pathogens. Results New localities of D. reticulatus occurrence were found in western and central Latvia, including the Riga region, indicating that the northern border of D. reticulatus in Europe has moved farther to the north. Among the analyzed ticks, 33.42% carried at least one tick-borne pathogen, and 5.55% of tick samples were positive for two or three pathogens. A higher overall prevalence of tick-borne pathogens was observed in I. ricinus (34.92%) and I. persulcatus (31.65%) than in D. reticulatus (24.2%). The molecular analysis revealed the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus, Babesia spp., Borrelia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. Overall, 15 and 7 tick-borne pathogen species were detected in Ixodes spp. and D. reticulatus ticks, respectively. This is the first report of Borrelia miyamotoi in Latvian field-collected ticks. Conclusions This large-scale countrywide study provides a snapshot of the current distribution patterns of Ixodes and Dermacentor ticks in Latvia and gives us a reliable overview of tick-borne pathogens in Latvian field-collected ticks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale countrywide screening for tick-borne pathogens in field-collected ticks in Latvia during 2017–2019

et al. 2020

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“…The main differential diagnoses in eschar-positive febrile travelers are spotted fever group rickettsioses. In our patient, those included Japanese spotted fever caused by Rickettsia japonica and other endemic rickettsiae endemic in South Korea such as R. monacensis, R. felis, and R. akari [ 27 , 28 ]. The centrifugal distribution of the rash, sparing palms and soles, was suggestive for scrub typhus, since rickettsial spotted fevers have a centripetal rash including palms and soles [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imported scrub typhus: first case in South America and review of the literature

Weitzel

Aylwin

Martínez-Valdebenito

et al. 2018

Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines

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BackgroundScrub typhus is a neglected vector-borne zoonosis causing life-threatening illnesses, endemic in the Asian-Pacific region and, as recently discovered, in southern Chile. Scrub typhus is rarely reported in travelers, most probably due to the lack of clinical experience and diagnostic tests in non-endemic countries. We report the first case of imported scrub typhus in South America.Case presentationA 62-year-old tourist from South Korea presented severely ill with fever, rash, and eschar in Santiago, Chile. Laboratory exams showed thrombocytopenia and elevated inflammation parameters, hepatic enzymes, and LDH. With the clinical suspicion of scrub typhus, empirical treatment with doxycycline was initiated and the patient recovered rapidly and without complications. The diagnosis was confirmed by IgM serology and by real-time PCR, which demonstrated infection with Orientia tsutsugamushi (Kawasaki clade).ConclusionsOnly due to the emerging clinical experience with endemic South American scrub typhus and the recent implementation of appropriate diagnostic techniques in Chile, were we able to firstly identify and adequately manage a severe case of imported scrub typhus in South America. Physicians attending febrile travelers need to be aware of this rickettsiosis, since it requires prompt treatment with doxycycline to avoid complications.

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“…Although the reason for this difference is not clear, it may suggest that phenotypes under in vitro culture conditions differ between R. monacensis strains. R. monacensis has been associated with a human rickettsiosis presenting Mediterranean spotted fever-like symptoms (Jado et al 2007, Madeddu et al 2012, Kim et al 2017). The present study reconfirmed the presence of this rickettsial agent in Japan and highlighted the necessity for further investigation of the clinical cases it may cause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation ofRickettsia,Rickettsiella, andSpiroplasmafrom Questing Ticks in Japan Using Arthropod Cells

Thu

Qiu

Kataoka-Nakamura

et al. 2019

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Ticks are blood sucking ectoparasites that transmit zoonotic pathogens to humans and animals. Ticks harbour not only pathogenic microorganisms, but also endosymbionts. Although some tick endosymbionts are known to be essential for the survival of ticks, their roles in ticks remain poorly understood. The main aim of this study was to isolate and characterise tick-borne microorganisms from field-collected ticks using two arthropod cell lines derived from Ixodes scapularis embryos (ISE6) and Aedes albopictus larvae (C6/36). A total of 170 tick homogenates originating from 15 different tick species collected in Japan were inoculated into each cell line. Bacterial growth was confirmed by PCR amplification of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of eubacteria. During the 8 weeks observation period, bacterial isolation was confirmed in 14 and 4 samples using ISE6 and C6/36 cells, respectively. The sequencing analysis of the 16S rDNA PCR products indicated that they were previously known tick-borne pathogens/endosymbionts in three different genera; Rickettsia, Rickettsiella, and Spiroplasma. These included 4 previously validated rickettsial species namely Rickettsia asiatica (n = 2), Rickettsia helvetica (n = 3), Rickettsia monacensis (n = 2), and Rickettsia tamurae (n = 3) and one uncharacterised genotype Rickettsia sp. LON (n = 2). Four isolates of Spiroplasma had the highest similarity with previsouly reported Spiroplasma isolates; Spiroplasma ixodetis obtained from ticks in North America and Spiroplasma sp. Bratislava 1 obtained from Ixodes ricinus in Europe, while two isolates of Rickettsiella showed 100% identity with Rickettsiella sp. detected from Ixodes uriae at Grimsey Island in Iceland. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on successful isolation of Rickettsiella from ticks. The isolates obtained in the present study can be further analysed to evaluate their pathogenic potential in animals and their roles as symbionts in ticks.

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First isolation of Rickettsia monacensis from a patient in South Korea

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

Large-scale countrywide screening for tick-borne pathogens in field-collected ticks in Latvia during 2017–2019

Large-scale countrywide screening for tick-borne pathogens in field-collected ticks in Latvia during 2017–2019

Imported scrub typhus: first case in South America and review of the literature

Isolation ofRickettsia,Rickettsiella, andSpiroplasmafrom Questing Ticks in Japan Using Arthropod Cells

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