First Jurassic Choristodera from Asia

Averianov, Alexander O.; Martin, Thomas; Evans, SE; Bakirov, Aizek A.

doi:10.1007/s00114-005-0061-2

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is also recorded from the Kimmeridgian of Portugal (Guimarota, Seiffert, 1973;Evans, 1989) and North America (Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, South Dakota, Wyoming and Utah: Gilmore, 1928;Evans, 1990;Chure and Evans, 1998;Foster and Trujillo, 2000). There is unnamed (but broadly similar) material from the Callovian Balanbansai Svita, Fergana Basin, of Kyrgyzstan (Averianov et al, 2006). Plotted on a paleoclimate map (Scotese, 2000), most of these records are in relatively warm temperate areas ( Fig.…”

Section: Jurassicmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The Barremian Laohongdong Formation, Inner Mongolia, is currently the only Lower Cretaceous deposit in Asia yielding both choristoderes (the large gavial-like Ikechosaurus sunailinae) and crocodiles (the protosuchian Shantungosuchus, 0.3 m: Wu et al, 1994; and the atoposaurid cf. Theriosuchus sp., 0.5 m: Wu et al, 1996, known also from dle Jurassic), Kyrgyzstan (Averianov et al, 2006), are of a similar size and morphology to those of Cteniogenys from the Morrison Formation, North America (Foster and Trujillo, 2000). Although, the body proportions of this Asian choristodere are still unknown, the total length would have been less than 1 m even if it was long-necked (by comparison with the largest specimens of the Lower Cretaceous Hyphalosaurus IVPP V11075).…”

Section: Lower Cretaceousmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Although, the body proportions of this Asian choristodere are still unknown, the total length would have been less than 1 m even if it was long-necked (by comparison with the largest specimens of the Lower Cretaceous Hyphalosaurus IVPP V11075). Two crocodiles are known from the Balanbasai Svita (Averianov et al, 2006). The first, the neosuchian Sunosuchus, has a total length of about 2.5 m. The other is an undetermined thalattosuchian of unknown length.…”

Section: Lower Cretaceousmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choristoderes and the freshwater assemblages of Laurasia

Matsumoto¹,

Evans²

2010

J. iber. geol.

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Choristoderes are freshwater aquatic diapsid reptiles of uncertain phylogenetic position. Although the lineage probably diverged from other diapsids in the Permo-Triassic, choristoderes apparently never reached Gondwana. Within Laurasia, however, they have been recovered from Japan, China, Mongolia, Trans-Baikal Russia, Central Asia, Western Europe, and North America, reaching extreme northern latitudes. Setting aside controversial Triassic records, their known temporal range currently extends from the Middle Jurassic (Britain, Kyrgyzstan) to the Miocene (Czech Republic). However, although small choristoderes are known to span the entirety of this period, the larger, more derived neochoristoderes are recorded only from the Early Cretaceous through to the earliest Eocene. The gavial-like neochoristodere Champsosaurus is the most familiar taxon, characterised by large size, a long rostrum and flared temporal fenestrae, but research over the last three decades has revealed many new genera and exposed an unexpected diversity in terms of body size (small to relatively large), neck length (long v. short) and skull morphology (longirostrine v. brevirostrine, open v. closed lower temporal fenestrae). Typically choristoderes occur as part of a mesic assemblage that includes fish, lizards, mammals, turtles, frogs, salamanders, small dinosaurs and, usually, crocodiles. At maturity, Jurassic choristoderes were generally smaller than co-occuring crocodiles and were relatively unspecialized postcranially. The Early Cretaceous of Asia saw a dramatic diversification of choristoderes, including the appearance of much larger neochoristoderes. Perhaps significantly, the relevant Asian horizons (e.g. Yixian Formation, China; Okurodani and Kuwajima formations, Japan) yield no crocodiles. In Late Cretaceous and Paleogene horizons however, across Euramerica, large gavial-like neochoristoderes came to share freshwater ecosystems with a diversity of crocodiles, the neochoristoderes apparently occupying a specialist (gavial-like) piscivorous niche as long as it was available and resources were adequate.

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Section: Jurassicmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Lower Cretaceousmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Lower Cretaceousmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choristoderes and the freshwater assemblages of Laurasia

Matsumoto¹,

Evans²

2010

J. iber. geol.

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“…They are relatively rare components of the fossil record, known from only a dozen or so genera, but range through the Middle Jurassic to the Miocene (Evans & Klembara, 2005). The timing of the radiation of the non-neochoristodere group, Monjurosuchidae, is a point of ongoing study, although their origin might be in the Early Cretaceous of Asia (Gao & Fox, 2005;Averianov et al, 2006;Richter et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2013). The earliest records of the major lineage Neochoristodera occur in Barremian (Early Cretaceous) deposits of Asia (Matsumoto & Evans, 2010) and North America (Britt et al, 2006), and this lineage persisted well past the K/Pg boundary (Evans & Klembara, 2005).…”

Section: (G) Choristoderesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic and environmental dynamics through theLateJurassic–EarlyCretaceous transition: evidence for protracted faunal and ecological turnover

et al. 2016

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The Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous interval represents a time of environmental upheaval and cataclysmic events, combined with disruptions to terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Historically, the Jurassic/Cretaceous (J/K) boundary was classified as one of eight mass extinctions. However, more recent research has largely overturned this view, revealing a much more complex pattern of biotic and abiotic dynamics than has previously been appreciated. Here, we present a synthesis of our current knowledge of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous events, focusing particularly on events closest to the J/K boundary. We find evidence for a combination of short-term catastrophic events, large-scale tectonic processes and environmental perturbations, and major clade interactions that led to a seemingly dramatic faunal and ecological turnover in both the marine and terrestrial realms. This is coupled with a great reduction in global biodiversity which might in part be explained by poor sampling. Very few groups appear to have been entirely resilient to this J/K boundary 'event', which hints at a 'cascade model' of ecosystem changes driving faunal dynamics. Within terrestrial ecosystems, larger, more-specialised organisms, such as saurischian dinosaurs, appear to have suffered the most. Medium-sized tetanuran theropods declined, and were replaced by larger-bodied groups, and basal eusauropods were replaced by neosauropod faunas. The ascent of paravian theropods is emphasised by escalated competition with contemporary pterosaur groups, culminating in the explosive radiation of birds, although the timing of this is obfuscated by biases in sampling. Smaller, more ecologically diverse terrestrial non-archosaurs, such as lissamphibians and mammaliaforms, were comparatively resilient to extinctions, instead documenting the origination of many extant groups around the J/K boundary. In the marine realm, extinctions were focused on low-latitude, shallow marine shelf-dwelling faunas, corresponding to a significant eustatic sea-level fall in the latest Jurassic. More mobile and ecologically plastic marine groups, such as ichthyosaurs, survived the boundary relatively unscathed. High rates of extinction and turnover in other macropredaceous marine groups, including plesiosaurs, are accompanied by the origin of most major lineages of extant sharks. Groups which occupied both marine and terrestrial ecosystems, including crocodylomorphs, document a selective extinction in shallow marine forms, whereas turtles appear to have diversified. These patterns suggest that different extinction selectivity and ecological processes were operating between marine and terrestrial ecosystems, which were ultimately important in determining the fates of many key groups, as well as the origins of many major extant lineages. We identify a series of potential abiotic candidates for driving these patterns, including multiple bolide impacts, several episodes of flood basalt eruptions, dramatic climate change, and major disruptions to oceanic systems. The J/K t...

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“…The early Late Jurassic age of Liuhuanggou further establishes the Jurassic occurrence of Choristodera within Asia, confirming the finds of fragmentary vertebral material referable to Choristodera indet. from the Middle Jurassic Balabansai Formation of the Fergana Valley, Kyrgyzstan (Averianov et al 2006). The indeterminate possible choristodere remains from Liuhuanggou represent just another faunal element similar to the Balabansai Formation of the Fergana Valley.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Late Jurassic Squamata and possible Choristodera from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China

Richter

Wings

Pfretzschner

et al. 2010

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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Screen washing at the Liuhuanggou locality, a fossiliferous bone bed within the early Late Jurassic Qigu Formation, 40 km southwest of the city of Urumqi, yielded two lizard jaw fragments with teeth and two lizard osteoderm fragments, which together reveal the presence of Paramacellodidae. The same locality also yielded four tentative choristoderan jaw and tooth fragments. This find is the first record of Mesozoic lizards and probable choristoderes from the Junggar Basin and Northwest China and expands the palaeobiodiversity known from the Qigu Formation.

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First Jurassic Choristodera from Asia

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Choristoderes and the freshwater assemblages of Laurasia

Choristoderes and the freshwater assemblages of Laurasia

Biotic and environmental dynamics through theLateJurassic–EarlyCretaceous transition: evidence for protracted faunal and ecological turnover

Late Jurassic Squamata and possible Choristodera from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China

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