First Locally Acquired Congenital Zika Syndrome Case in the United States: Neonatal Clinical Manifestations

Abstract

In the spring of 2017, a full-term infant with microcephaly was delivered in South Florida. During first trimester, the mother presented with fever, nausea, and vomiting. She reported no foreign travel for herself or her partner. The infant's neurologic, ophthalmologic, neuroradiologic, and audiologic findings were highly suggestive of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), confirmed by IgM antibodies and plaque reduction neutralization test. New observations, including peripheral temporal retinal avascularity and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thinning, are presented from this first known case of non-travel-associated CZS in the United States. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2018;49:e93-e98.].

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

“…Traveller/non-traveller populations: In this update, we found further evidence that congenital abnormalities occurred in infants born to women travellers returning from ZIKV-affected areas and women remaining in those areas. In total, 25 publications report on 272 congenital abnormalities due to ZIKV infection in travellers 27, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 42, 45, 56, 58, 61, 89, 94, 98, 109, 117, 122, 123, 137, 140, 151, 153, 166, 173 , with 109 publications reporting congenital abnormalities due to ZIKV in 2652 non travellers 24– 26, 28, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39– 41, 43, 44, 46– 48, 50, 51, 54, 57, 60, 62– 79, 81, 83– 85, 87, 88, 90– 93, 95– 97, 100, 101, 104– 106, 110– 113, 115, 116, 118, 119, 121, 124– 135, 142– 147, 149, 152, 154, 156– 164, 167, 168, 171, 172, 175– 180, 182, …”

A Review of Hearing Loss Associated with Zika, Ebola, and Lassa Fever

“…Across studies, 56 (21.2%) of 264 individuals were found to have some degree of HL. 18,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Four of the fourteen articles described acquired HL in adults following Zika infection ( Table 1). The HL in these cases varied from moderate to severe and was reported as both unilateral and bilateral, with most patients experiencing recovery to normal or previous thresholds.…”

“…18,22,[25][26][27][28][29][33][34][35] The majority of these studies used standard HL screening methods for infants, including measurement of auditory brainstem response and otoacoustic emission, which assesses cochlear function. 18,[25][26][27][28][29]31,33,34 The proportion of infants with reported HL in these studies varied from 6% to 68%. One article presented in-depth testing of two individuals, one of whom had moderate unilateral HL and one with normal hearing thresholds.…”

Color Fundus Imaging Using a High-Magnification Lens for Detecting Subtle Macular Changes in Infants With Congenital Zika Syndrome

“…1 Later, other studies from other regions of Brazil and other countries including Colombia, Venezuela, and the United States corroborated the initial report. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Although anterior segment and structural ocular findings such as congenital glaucoma, congenital cataract, microphthalmia, iris coloboma, and lens subluxation can also be found, because of the ZIKV's neurotropism, the ophthalmologic manifestations of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) are observed mostly in the posterior segment of the eye. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Among these findings, the typical manifestations are chorioretinal atrophy and focal pigment mottling in the macular region.…”

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Although anterior segment and structural ocular findings such as congenital glaucoma, congenital cataract, microphthalmia, iris coloboma, and lens subluxation can also be found, because of the ZIKV's neurotropism, the ophthalmologic manifestations of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) are observed mostly in the posterior segment of the eye. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Among these findings, the typical manifestations are chorioretinal atrophy and focal pigment mottling in the macular region. [1][2][3][4] In addition, optic nerve findings (eg, optic nerve hypoplasia, increased cup-to-disc ratio, and pallor) and retinal vasculature alterations (eg, peripheral avascularity, vascular attenuation, and hemorrhages) can also be found.…”