First mammal of Gondwanan lineage in the early Eocene of India

Kapur, Vivesh V.; Das, Debasis; Bajpai, Sunil; Prasad, G. V. R.

doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2017.01.002

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Our results regarding the timing of India‐Eurasia collision are consistent with the results from previous studies carried at different locations in the Himalayan orogen based on different methodologies. These include arrival of Eurasian‐plate detritus in the central Himalaya at ∼54–59 Ma (DeCelles et al, ; Hu et al, ), the termination of marine facies in Zanskar‐Hazara region at ∼52 Ma (Rowley, ; Zhu et al, ), ultra‐high pressure (UHP) peak metamorphism at ∼53 Ma (Donaldson et al, ; Leech et al, ), and faunal exchange of land mammals between the India and Eurasia at ∼54.5 Ma (Clyde et al, ; Kapur & Bajpai, ; Klaus et al, ; Rose et al, ). Recent studies in the Hazara‐Kashmir syntaxis proposed the India‐Eurasia collision at ∼56–55 Ma, which is strongly supported by our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic Implications of Detrital Zircon Ages From Lesser Himalayan Mesozoic‐Cenozoic Strata, Pakistan

Qasim

Ding

Khan

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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We carried U‐Pb‐Hf geochronology of the clastic sequence covering upper Mesozoic‐Cenozoic period. The upper Mesozoic sequence is overlain unconformably by the Cenozoic strata, marking regional K‐T boundary, which is mapped as angular unconformity. This angular relationship may strongly indicate a compressional orogenic event that occurred during the Late Cretaceous. Late Cretaceous Kohistan‐Karakoram collision and ophiolite emplacement may account for the development of this compression along the northern Indian margin. The U‐Pb‐Hf isotopic analyses of the upper Mesozoic and lower Cenozoic sequence (Hangu Formation and Lower Patala Formation) are similar to the Tethyan and Lesser Himalayan signatures, which indicate the Indian‐plate provenance. The two younger Cretaceous grains recorded in the Hangu Formation might be derived from the Indian‐plate volcanic rocks and/or Tethyan Himalayan volcanic rocks. The absence of ophiolitic age component in the precollision sequence may indicate that these ophiolites are not exposed until final India‐Eurasia collision. The major shift in provenance is recorded in the upper part of the Patala Formation, where the presence of disconformity and the appearance of <100 Ma detrital zircons indicate the contribution of Eurasian source (i.e., Kohistan‐Ladakh arc; KLA), which is further supported by the ɛHf(t) signatures. Upsection, the contribution from Eurasian source increased in the Early Middle Eocene Kuldana Formation. Therefore, we suggest that the provenance mixing close to Paleocene‐Eocene boundary indicates that the India‐Eurasia collision in the north Pakistan occurred at ∼56–55 Ma and subsequent exhumation increased the contribution of the northern (Eurasian) provenance in the upsection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic Implications of Detrital Zircon Ages From Lesser Himalayan Mesozoic‐Cenozoic Strata, Pakistan

Qasim

Ding

Khan

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Adapisoriculid mammals are well known from the Late Cretaceous to early Palaeogene sequences around the globe, with the oldest (Maastrichtian) record restricted to the Indian subcontinent (i.e., from the Naskal, Rangapur, and Kisalpuri intertrappean sections of DVP; refer to Table ) and represented by a single genus, Deccanolestes . Recently, Kapur et al (, ) recorded an early Eocene adapisoriculid ( Bharatlestes ) from India, which is the youngest record from the subcontinent. Nonetheless, the generic diversity of adapisoriculids is quite high in the early Palaeogene (Palaeocene to Eocene) sedimentary sequences of Africa and Europe.…”

Section: Palaeobiogeographic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the generic diversity of adapisoriculids is quite high in the early Palaeogene (Palaeocene to Eocene) sedimentary sequences of Africa and Europe. Previous phylogenetic analyses suggest that the adapisoriculids are basal eutherians and that the oldest adapisoriculid ( Deccanolestes ) shares a sister taxon relationship with the African adapisoriculid genus Afrodon (De Bast, Sigé, & Smith, ; Goswami et al, ; Kapur et al, ; Prasad et al, ). The occurrence of Afrodon chleuhi (a primitive adapisoriculid) within the Palaeocene of Africa led to the postulation of an African origin of adapisoriculid mammals (Gheerbrant & Russell, ).…”

Section: Palaeobiogeographic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there are also arguments in favour of a European origin, given the presence of a high generic diversity of adapisoriculids in the early Palaeogene of Europe (De Bast et al, ). However, an Indian origin for adapisoriculids is most favoured, as reflected by the basal position of Deccanolestes in various phylogenetic analyses and also considering the stratigraphic placement of Deccanolestes (Kapur et al, and references therein). Within the Indian subcontinent, the fossil record suggests the continuation of the adapisoriculid lineage for approximately 10 million years (i.e., surpassing the K–Pg interval; Kapur et al, ).…”

Section: Palaeobiogeographic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an Indian origin for adapisoriculids is most favoured, as reflected by the basal position of Deccanolestes in various phylogenetic analyses and also considering the stratigraphic placement of Deccanolestes (Kapur et al, and references therein). Within the Indian subcontinent, the fossil record suggests the continuation of the adapisoriculid lineage for approximately 10 million years (i.e., surpassing the K–Pg interval; Kapur et al, ). Overall, the fossil data on adapisoriculids reflects biotic exchanges between India, Europe, and Africa close to the K–Pg interval, with a quite likely initial migration towards Africa or Europe or both from the India subcontinent (Figure ).…”

Section: Palaeobiogeographic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Faunal elements from the Deccan volcano‐sedimentary sequences of India: A reappraisal of biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspects

Kapur¹,

Khosla

2018

Geological Journal

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The sedimentary sequences associated with the Deccan Flood Basalts, i.e., infratrappean and intertrappean deposits, are known to yield a diverse assemblage of fauna that includes foraminiferans, ostracods, molluscs, fishes, frogs, turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, dinosaurs, and mammals. The existing literature debates the exact nature of origin, age, and duration of the Deccan volcanic activity; however, there is a general accord within the geosciences community that the Deccan Flood Basalts bestrode the Cretaceous–Palaeogene Boundary. Within the past few decades, the record of the biotic component (particularly faunal elements) reported from the Deccan‐volcano sedimentary sequences have grown both numerically and taxonomically. Constraining the age of the Deccan‐volcano sedimentary sequences has a direct bearing on the studies that discuss the origin, evolution of the biota in a palaeobiogeographic framework, and also in the context of changes in the palaeoenvironment and palaeoecology. Thus, it becomes important to reinforce the age, environment of the Deccan‐volcano sedimentary sequences, and the origin/affinity of the faunal elements recovered from within these sedimentary deposits. We here reappraise the biotic (with an emphasis on the fauna) evidence in a biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspect.

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An enigmatic new ungulate‐like mammal from the early Eocene of India

Zack

Rose

Holbrook

et al. 2019

Papers in Palaeontology

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We report a new genus and species of herbivorous mammal, Pahelia mysteriosa, from the early Eocene Cambay Shale Formation, Tadkeshwar Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India. The new taxon, approximately the size of a small phenacodontid (e.g. Ectocion parvus), is represented by three mandibular fragments, the most complete of which documents nearly the entire symphysis and mandibular body plus P3–M3. Pahelia has incipiently selenolophodont molars with strong exodaenodonty, absent paraconids, weak but distinct entolophids, and prominent ectostylids. Molar size increases distally, but M3 does not develop a prominent third lobe. Premolars are simple, with prominent protoconids and short talonids but little development of other trigonid cusps. The mandibular symphysis is strongly fused, and there is an enlarged alveolus for an anterior tooth. The combination of features present in the new taxon does not closely match that of any known mammal, but there are some similarities to a diversity of ungulates from Africa, Asia, Europe and North America. Preserved morphology is insufficient to assess the affinities of the new taxon with confidence, but a link to Quettacyonidae, also endemic to the Indian subcontinent, is morphologically and biogeographically plausible. If this scenario is correct, it suggests that P. mysteriosa could be a part of the endemic mammalian fauna of India prior to its initial faunal contact with Asia.

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First mammal of Gondwanan lineage in the early Eocene of India

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Tectonic Implications of Detrital Zircon Ages From Lesser Himalayan Mesozoic‐Cenozoic Strata, Pakistan

Tectonic Implications of Detrital Zircon Ages From Lesser Himalayan Mesozoic‐Cenozoic Strata, Pakistan

Faunal elements from the Deccan volcano‐sedimentary sequences of India: A reappraisal of biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspects

An enigmatic new ungulate‐like mammal from the early Eocene of India

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