First measurement of the 64Ni(\gamma ,n) cross section

Abstract

In the past 10 years new and more accurate stellar neutron capture cross section measurements have changed and improved the abundance predictions of the weak s process. Among other elements in the region between iron and strontium, most of the copper abundance observed today in the solar system distribution was produced by the s process in massive stars. However, experimental data for the stellar 63 Ni(n, γ) 64 Ni cross section are still missing, but is strongly required for a reliable prediction of the copper abundances. 63 Ni (t 1/2 =101.2 a) is a branching point and also a bottleneck in the weak s process flow, and behaves differently during core He and shell C burning. During core He burning the reaction flow proceeds via β -decay to 63 Cu, and a change of the 63 Ni(n, γ) 64 Ni cross section would have no influence. However, this behavior changes at higher temperatures and neutron densities during the shell C burning phase. Under these conditions, a significant amount of the s process nucleosynthesis flow is passing through the channel 62 Ni(n, γ) 63 Ni(n, γ) 64 Ni. At present only theoretical estimates are available for the 63 Ni(n, γ) 64 Ni cross section. The corresponding uncertainty affects the production of 63 Cu in present s process nucleosynthesis calculations and propagates to the abundances of the heavier species up to A=70. So far, experimental information is also missing for the inverse 64 Ni(γ, n) channel. We have measured for the first time the 64 Ni(γ, n) 63 Ni cross section and also combined for the first time successfully the photoactivation technique with subsequent Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). The activations at the ELBE facility in Dresden-Rossendorf were followed by the 63 Ni/ 64 Ni determination with AMS at the MLL accelerator laboratory in Garching. First results indicate that theoretical predictions have overestimated this cross section up to now. If this also holds for the inverse channel 63 Ni(n, γ) 64 Ni, more 63 Ni is accumulated during the high neutron density regime of the C shell that will contribute to the final abundance of 63 Cu by radiogenic decay. In this case, also a lower s process efficiency is expected for the heavier species along the neutron capture path up to the Ga-Ge region.

Constraining the astrophysical origin of the p-nuclei through nuclear physics and meteoritic data

“…A few years ago AMS was successfully combined with astrophysical activation measurements, mainly for the determination of (n, γ ) cross sections for s-process nucleosynthesis (see, e.g., [214][215][216]), and for the 25 Mg(p, γ ) 26g Al and 40 Ca(α, γ ) 44 Ti cross sections [217,218]. Also first attempts to use AMS to determine the photodissociation cross section of the 64 Ni(γ , n) 63 Ni reaction have been made [219]. An overview of cross section measurements for nuclear astrophysics performed with AMS is given in [220].…”

Measurement of 59Ni and 63Ni by accelerator mass spectrometry at CIAE

“…The long lived isotopes 59 Ni and 63 Ni can be used in a number of fields, including low-level radioactive waste management [1], cosmic radiation study [2], neutron dosimetry [3][4][5] and astrophysics [6,7]. Although AMS has the potential of providing necessary sensitivity for these applications, the sensitivity for medium mass isotopes, such as 59 Ni and 63 Ni, is usually limited by high background of their stable isobars.…”