First megafossil evidence of Cyatheaceous tree fern from the Indian Cenozoic

Bera, Subir; Gupta, S. Dutta; Khan, Mahasin Ali; De, Amitabha; Mukhopadhyay, Radhanath

doi:10.1007/s12040-014-0460-x

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The Seijosa forest is located in East Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, north-east India (150 to 2000 m asl; 276.0° N, 93.0° E) along the river Pakke, which is part of the lower Siwalik range (Bera et al 2014) covering an approximate area of 541 km 2 (CBRC 2017), while the study area covered 1263 ha. Six forest sites of the Seijosa forest, viz, Upper Seijosa (site 1), Mobuso (site 2), Dikalmukh (site 3), Lanka (site 4), Passo (site 5) and Khari (site 6) were explored during 2017-2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure, Regeneration Status and Conservation Measures of Threatened Cyathea SPP

Balkrishna¹,

Arya²,

Kushwaha³

2020

JTFS

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The present study assessed the population structure, regeneration status and conservation of threatened tree ferns Cyathea, namely, C. brunoniana, C. gigantea and C. henryi in Seijosha forest, Arunachal Pradesh, northeast , India. Individuals of C. henryi had a maximum density of 45 individuals ha-1 while C. brunoniana and C. gigantea had a maximum of 35 individuals ha-1. The population structure showed four general class distribution patterns (i.e. reverse J-shape, Bell shape, irregular shape, and J-shape). Only C. brunoniana and C. henryi showed reverse J-shaped pattern at two sites, which indicated a stable population. The regeneration status for C. gigantea was poor at most of the sites. There were fewer individuals of young, immature and adult plants of Cyathea, and some species showed poor or no regeneration at certain sites. The conservation status of young/immature/adult individuals was occasional and infrequent. The study revealed many factors threatening Cyathea and suggested some corrective measures which can be helpful for its conservation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure, Regeneration Status and Conservation Measures of Threatened Cyathea SPP

Balkrishna¹,

Arya²,

Kushwaha³

2020

JTFS

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“…(Vera, 2010b). This is also true for the petiole Cyathea siwalika Bera, Gupta et Mukhopadhyay 2014 from India, which has more than 50 small vascular strands, arranged as in extant Cyathea (Bera et al, 2014).…”

Section: Systematic Paleontologymentioning

confidence: 88%

Further evidence supporting high diversity of cyathealean tree ferns in the Early Cretaceous of Antarctica

Vera

2015

Cretaceous Research

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“…Fossils and (paleo)distribution data I compiled a set of 101 tree fern fossil specimens, including fossilized stems, fertile fronds, and spores (Supplementary data 1). Briefly, I selected the most reliable fossil specimens from a list of 1,432 entries compiled from the Paleobiological Database, which I revised and complemented with fossil reviews 18,45,46 , new fossil discoveries 30,44,45,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] , and commonly used fossils for dating 7,38,55,56 ; I excluded fossil specimens for which I could not access the original description. The phylogenetic placement of several fossils, mostly stems, have been previously inferred through phylogenetic analyses 46 , but other fossil assignments rely on the presence of clear apomorphies (for instance, spore morphology) or intuitive criteria.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laurasian legacies in the Gondwanan tree fern order Cyatheales

Ramírez‐Barahona

2023

Preprint

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Present-day geographic and phylogentic patterns often reflect the Gondwana-Laurasia separation and subsequent history of continental drift. However, some lineages show non-overlapping fossil distributions relative to extant species and in some cases extant Gondwanan lineages have Laurasian extinct relatives. Here, I combined distribution data for 101 fossils and 442 extant species of tree ferns (Cyatheales) to reconstruct their biogeographic history over the last 220 million years. The time calibrated tree showed most tree ferns families originating during the Jurassic and the onset of crown group diversification beginning during the Cretaceous; a major shift in diversification rates occurred in the largest tree fern family (Cyatheaceae) that comprises ~90% of extant diversity in the group. Biogeographical reconstructions based on extant distributions alone supported a Gondwanan origin for the group; the most probable ancestral range encompassed Australasia and South America. Alternatively, incorporating fossil distribution data into reconstructions showed a Laurasian origin and a most probable ancestral range in Eurasia. These results evince the Laurasian legacies of the Cyatheales spanning the Triassic-Cretaceous, which otherwise remain hidden from biogeographic inferences. These results show that extant-only biogeographic analyses are limited when fossils distribution are more wide spread than in the present-day, highlighting the need to directly incorporate fossils into biogeographical analyses and improve the reliability of ancestral geographic range estimation.

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First megafossil evidence of Cyatheaceous tree fern from the Indian Cenozoic

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Population Structure, Regeneration Status and Conservation Measures of Threatened Cyathea SPP

Population Structure, Regeneration Status and Conservation Measures of Threatened Cyathea SPP

Further evidence supporting high diversity of cyathealean tree ferns in the Early Cretaceous of Antarctica

Laurasian legacies in the Gondwanan tree fern order Cyatheales

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