First Molecular Confirmation of Equine Ocular Setaria digitata in China

Feng, Yan; Liu, Bo; Chen, Shulei; Yi, Ziwen; Liu, Xianyong; Zhu, Yiping

doi:10.3390/vetsci8040055

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The amplification was done in a 50 uL reaction volume by adding 25 uL of 2X PCR master mix (Sapphire Amp Fast PCR Master Mix, TaKaRa, Shiga, Japan), 10 pmol each of forward primer and reverse primer, and 40 ng of template. The reaction conditions were: 94°C for 4 min, followed by 39 cycles of 94°C for 80 sec, 46°C for 80 sec, 72°C for 60 sec, and 72°C for 10 min (Yu et al 2021). The amplicons were gel purified and custom sequenced.…”

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, for molecular confirmation, the 12S rRNA gene is targeted, which is an evolutionary marker (Yatawara et al 2007;Junsiri et al 2023). Earlier, the sequence data analysis of the S. digitata showed 243 bp (Peng et al 2019;Yu et al 2021). Some potential mosquito vectors for the transmission of filarial nematodes are Anopheles, Mansonia, Culex, Armigeres, Aedes, and Ochlerotatus.…”

Section: Parasitementioning

confidence: 99%

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First report of molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis of ocular seteriasis in buffalo in India using 12S rRNA

Anandu,

Chaithra,

Manjusha

et al. 2023

J. Helminthol.

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An adult Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) presented with corneal opacity, irritation, and excessive lacrimation from the left eye in the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic-Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (RVC-TVCC), Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar. Clinical examination revealed a whitish thread-like worm in the left eye’s anterior chamber. The worm was surgically removed from the eye with supportive nerve blocks. Light microscopy was used for parasite morphological identification, which provided insight into the worm as female Setaria sp. Genomic DNA was isolated, and polymerase chain reaction amplification of 12S rRNA was conducted for molecular confirmation of the parasite. The amplicon was sequenced and analysed by bioinformatics software. Sequence data showed an amplicon size of 243 bp. Phylogenetic analysis with reference data from the NCBI Genbank database revealed the worm was S. digitata, with a similarity of 99.17%. The common predilection site of S. digitata is in the peritoneal cavity of natural hosts like cattle and buffalo and is mostly non-pathogenic. The aberrant migration of the parasite larva to the brain and eye commonly occurs in goats, sheep, and horses, causing clinical conditions like cerebrospinal nematodiasis (lumbar paralysis) and ocular setariasis, respectively. Nevertheless, until now, there have been no reports of ocular setariasis in buffalo. This report is the first unusual occurrence of ocular setariasis in buffalo and its molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis using 12S rRNA.

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Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parasitementioning

confidence: 99%

First report of molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis of ocular seteriasis in buffalo in India using 12S rRNA

Anandu,

Chaithra,

Manjusha

et al. 2023

J. Helminthol.

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“…In particular, Onchocerca cervicalis and other Onchocerca species have been linked with uveitis in humans and horses 8,78,79 . Connections between uveitis and infection of Setaria or Halicephalobus species have also been reported in horses 46,80–84 . However, case reports indicate that infections of Setaria , Halicephalobus , and Onchocerca species are not major risk factors for recurrent uveitis in horses as inflammation often resolves after treatment ( Setaria and Onchocerca ) or affected individuals do not survive the infection ( Halicephalobus ) 46,85,86 …”

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,78,79 Connections between uveitis and infection of Setaria or Halicephalobus species have also been reported in horses. 46,[80][81][82][83][84] However, case reports indicate that infections of Setaria, Halicephalobus, and Onchocerca species are not major risk factors for recurrent uveitis in horses as inflammation often resolves after treatment (Setaria and Onchocerca) or affected individuals do not survive the infection (Halicephalobus). 46,85,86 Viruses, such as the equine arteritis virus (EAV), influenza, and the equine herpes viruses (EHV-1, in particular) have been included as possible causes of uveitis for decades; however, few case reports or retrospective studies link ERU with viral infections.…”

Section: Other Infectious Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of investigated risk factors for developing equine recurrent uveitis

Kingsley

Sandmeyer

2022

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an ocular inflammatory disease that can be difficult to manage clinically. As such, it is the leading cause of bilateral blindness for horses. ERU is suspected to have a complex autoimmune etiology with both environmental and genetic risk factors contributing to onset and disease progression in some or all cases. Work in recent years has aimed at unraveling the primary triggers, such as infectious agents and inherited breed-specific risk factors, for disease onset, persistence, and progression. This review has aimed at encompassing those factors that have been associated, implicated, or substantiated as contributors to ERU, as well as identifying areas for which additional knowledge is needed to better understand risk for disease onset and progression.A greater understanding of the risk factors for ERU will enable earlier detection and better prognosis through prevention and new therapeutics.

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“…Infection by these parasites leads to a myriad of problems ranging from fibrinous myocarditis and/or peritonitis to tendinitis when the worms infect the muscles and ligaments [6]. In all cases, the infection is often responsible for considerably limited movement and lameness [7][8][9]. In addition, the unusual localisations of the worms in the eye and the central nervous system may occur and may lead to blindness and neurological disorders [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response

et al. 2022

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Equine filariosis (EF) is a neglected vector-borne disease caused by nematode species belonging to the Onchocercidae and Setariidae families. Aside from their zoonotic potential, some species are responsible for serious health problems in equids worldwide, leading to significant economic difficulties. Here, we molecularly investigated equine blood samples (320 horses and 109 donkeys from Egypt) and four adult worms isolated from the peritoneal cavity of 5 out of the 94 slaughtered donkeys. In addition, quantitative enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs) targeting circulating cytokines were used to identify whether the immunological profile of the infected animals is a Th1 (i.e., INF-gamma as indicator) or Th2 (i.e., IL-5 and IL-10 as indicators) response type. Overall, 13.8% and 0.3% of the donkeys and horses, respectively, were scored as positive for filaroid DNA. The 18S phylogeny revealed the occurrence of three different filaroid species, identified here as Mansonella (Tetrapetalonema) sp., Setaria digitata and Dirofilaria repens. Th1 (INF-gamma and IL-5) and Th2 (IL-10) immune response types were identified in equines infected with S. digitata and Mansonella (T.) sp., respectively. These results provide new data on the species diversity of EF in Egypt and extend knowledge of the downregulation of the protective immune response by the potentially zoonotic Mansonella (T) sp. There is an urgent need to implement control measures to preserve equine health and limit the propagation of these vector-borne filaroids in Egypt.

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First Molecular Confirmation of Equine Ocular Setaria digitata in China

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

First report of molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis of ocular seteriasis in buffalo in India using 12S rRNA

First report of molecular confirmation and phylogenetic analysis of ocular seteriasis in buffalo in India using 12S rRNA

A review of investigated risk factors for developing equine recurrent uveitis

Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response

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