First molecular investigation of<i>Cryptosporidium</i>spp. in young calves in Algeria

Benhouda, Djahida; Hakem, Ahcène; Sannella, Anna Rosa; Benhouda, Afaf; Cacciò, Simone M.

doi:10.1051/parasite/2017014

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…The C. parvum identified in the study belonged to the IIaA13G2R1 subtype . Although IIaA13G2R1 subtype is not a common C. parvum subtype and has not reported previously in sheep, it was detected in some calves in Belgium and Algeria [ 54 , 55 ], ponies in the USA [ 56 ], calves and goat kids in Turkey [ 51 ], and humans in Malaysia [ 57 ], indicating that it is likely a zoonotic pathogen in a broad range of areas. Similarly, the C. ubiquitum in goats in the present study was subtyped as XIIa, a well-known subtype family in goats elsewhere, including Greece [ 18 ], China [ 17 , 38 ] and Australia [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in lambs and goat kids in Algeria

et al. 2018

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BackgroundLittle is known on the occurrence and identity of Cryptosporidium species in sheep and goats in Algeria. This study aimed at investigating the occurrence of Cryptosporidium species in lambs and goat kids younger than 4 weeks.MethodsA total of 154 fecal samples (62 from lambs and 92 from kid goats) were collected from 13 sheep flocks in Médea, Algeria and 18 goat flocks across Algiers and Boumerdes. They were screened for Cryptosporidium spp. by nested-PCR analysis of a fragment of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses to determine the Cryptosporidium species present. Cryptosporidium parvum and C. ubiquitum were further subtyped by sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene.ResultsCryptosporidium spp. were detected in 17 fecal samples (11.0%): 9 from lambs (14.5%) and 8 from goat kids (8.7%). The species identified included C. parvum in 3 lambs, C. xiaoi in 6 lambs and 6 goat kids, and C. ubiquitum in 2 goat kids. Cryptosporidium infections were detected mostly in animals during the first two weeks of life (7/8 for goat kids and 7/9 for lambs) and in association with diarrhea occurrence (7/17 or 41.2% goat kids and 7/10 or 70.0% lambs with diarrhea were positive for Cryptosporidium spp.). Subtyping of C. parvum and C. ubiquitum isolates identified the zoonotic IIaA13G2R1 and XIIa subtype families, respectively. Minor differences in the SSU rRNA gene sequences were observed between C. xiaoi from sheep and goats.ConclusionsResults of this study indicate that three Cryptosporidium species occur in lambs and goat kids in Algeria, including zoonotic C. parvum and C. ubiquitum. They are associated with the occurrence of neonatal diarrhea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in lambs and goat kids in Algeria

et al. 2018

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“…Additionally, nomadic and pastoral populations live close to their animals and this close contact increases the risk of zoonotic transmission. Livestock, have often been implicated as a major source of environmental contamination and potential reservoirs for zoonotic infection [21,22]. In Algeria G. intestinalis and C. parvum have been reported in domesticated animal species [21][22][23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These transmission stages of parasites have also been recorded in faecal samples of exposed populations that use wastewater in agriculture in rural areas of Morocco [16]. No major waterborne or foodborne outbreaks of giardiasis, amoebiasis or cryptosporidiosis have been reported so far in Algeria, but the presence of these protozoan genera has been recorded in epidemiological studies of human populations [17][18][19][20] and in domestic animals highlighting the high risk of zoonotic transmission [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitism and Associated Risk Factors in Rural and Urban Areas of Southern Algeria: a Four-year Community Based Study

Sebaa

Behnke

Baroudi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are amongst the most common infections worldwide and have been identified as one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality among disadvantaged populations. This community based study was conducted to assess the magnitude and pattern of intestinal parasitism and to identify the key risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections in Laghouat province, south Algeria.Methods: Stool samples were collected from 2277 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients aged 1-89 years old. Structured questionnaire were used to identify environmental, socio demographic and behavioral factors. Stool specimens were collected and examined for intestinal parasitic infection. Results: More than 33% of participants were found to be infected for at least one protozoan and/or helminth parasite. Of these, the most common parasites were Blastocystis spp. (17.79%), followed by Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (8.78%), Giardia intestinalis (4.22%), Entamoeba coli (4.08%) and more rarely Endolimax nana, Cryptosporidium spp, Trichomonas intestinalis, Enterobius vermicularis, Taenia spp., and a single case of Trichuris trichiura. Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between prevalence and species richness of combined protozoan parasites and contact with animal, living in rural areas and relying primarily on tap water, particularly in young individuals. Analysis of temporal consistency showed a high rate of infection in rural locations in the spring of 2018 and a firm relationship between school children and tap water was also detected. Conclusions: The high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among the Laghouat population, with identification of several risk factors indicates that parasitic infections are important public health problems. Therefore, several strategies are recommended in order to effectively reduce these infections including good animal husbandry practices, health education focused on good personal hygiene practices especially for school children, availability of safe drinking water and adequate sanitation.

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted April 17, 2020. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.14.20055038 doi: medRxiv preprint Based on biological and molecular characteristics, 31 different Cryptosporidium species have been currently identified, while many other genotypes are still of uncertain taxonomic status [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…distribution and especially its zoonotic versus anthroponotic transmission. Oocysts have been found in the faeces of many vertebrates, including domestic bovines, ovines, caprines and birds [18,19]. rRNA as described elsewhere [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First time genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. isolates from diarrheic stools of Algerian HIV-Infected subjects supports predominant zoonotic transmission routes

Semmani¹,

Costa

Achour³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Cryptosporidium is a significant cause of chronic diarrhoea and death in HIV-infected patients. Although HIV-infected patients under HAART have currently reduced risk of suffering from opportunistic infections, opportunistic gastrointestinal infections such as cryptosporidiosis still occur. Currently, there are no data on genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium isolates from cryptosporidiosis patients in Algeria. This study was aimed at identifying Cryptosporidium species and subtype families prevalent in Algerian HIV-infected patients and contributing to the molecular epidemiology mapping of Cryptosporidium in the MENA region. Methods From 2016 to 2018, 350 faecal specimens were obtained from patients with an HIV/AIDS positive status associated with diarrhoea attending inpatient (hospitalisation) and outpatient care units of El Hadi Flici (ex El- Kettar) hospital, Alger city, Algeria, and screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium using microscopy. Positive samples were submitted to the "Centre National de Reference-Laboratoire Expert- Cryptosporidioses", Rouen University Hospital, France, for molecular analysis (species, genotype) by DNA sequencing of the SSU18S rRNA and Gp60 genes, respectively. Results Out of 350 samples, 33 (9.4%) were microscopically positive for Cryptosporidium spp. of which 22 isolates were successfully amplified at the 18S rRNA and gp60 loci. Based on sequence analysis: 15 isolates were identified as C. parvum with family subtypes IIa-7, and IId-8, while 5 were identified as C. hominis (family subtypes Ia-2 and Ib-3) and 2 as C. felis . Conclusion The predominance of C. parvum subtype families IIa and IId in this study highlights the potential importance of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis transmission to Algerian HIV- positive subjects. More extensive sampling of both humans and farm animals, especially sheep, goats and calves, and collection of epidemiological data are needed for better understanding of the sources of human C. parvum infections in Algeria.

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First molecular investigation ofCryptosporidiumspp. in young calves in Algeria

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in lambs and goat kids in Algeria

Zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in lambs and goat kids in Algeria

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitism and Associated Risk Factors in Rural and Urban Areas of Southern Algeria: a Four-year Community Based Study

First time genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. isolates from diarrheic stools of Algerian HIV-Infected subjects supports predominant zoonotic transmission routes

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