First observation of natural circular dichroism spectra in the extreme ultraviolet region using a polarizing undulator-based optical system and its polarization characteristics

Tanaka, Masahito; Yagi-Watanabe, Kazutoshi; Kaneko, Fusae; Nakagawa, Kazumichi

doi:10.1107/s0909049509012291

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…They were obtained by irradiating interstellar ice analogues with CPL at different wavelengths (121.6 nm and 187.9 nm). Same signs were induced on the five amino acids for given wavelength and helicity of the CPL and the two wavelengths induced opposite signs as suggested by the anisotropy spectra [28,118].…”

Section: Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Astrophysical Formation of Asymmetric Molecules and the Emergence of a Chiral Bias

Garcia

Meinert

Sugahara

et al. 2019

Life

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The biomolecular homochirality in living organisms has been investigated for decades, but its origin remains poorly understood. It has been shown that circular polarized light (CPL) and other energy sources are capable of inducing small enantiomeric excesses (ees) in some primary biomolecules, such as amino acids or sugars. Since the first findings of amino acids in carbonaceous meteorites, a scenario in which essential chiral biomolecules originate in space and are delivered by celestial bodies has arisen. Numerous studies have thus focused on their detection, identification, and enantiomeric excess calculations in extraterrestrial matrices. In this review we summarize the discoveries in amino acids, sugars, and organophosphorus compounds in meteorites, comets, and laboratory-simulated interstellar ices. Based on available analytical data, we also discuss their interactions with CPL in the ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) regions, their abiotic chiral or achiral synthesis, and their enantiomeric distribution. Without doubt, further laboratory investigations and upcoming space missions are required to shed more light on our potential extraterrestrial molecular origins.

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Section: Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Astrophysical Formation of Asymmetric Molecules and the Emergence of a Chiral Bias

Garcia

Meinert

Sugahara

et al. 2019

Life

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“…the BL-5B beamline at the TERAS storage ring (Tanaka et al, 2009) using an Onuki-type four-period undulator (Onuki, 1986) as a source, the available absolute circular polarization rates are limited to 85% at 6 eV down to 45% at 30 eV mainly because of the non-compensation of the beamline optics effects over the emitted CPL from the undulator.…”

Section: Polarimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is why several VUV beamlines have been constructed, following the availability of synchrotron radiation from storage rings. Although some modern bendingmagnet VUV beamlines have been operated with fairly high flux (Ito et al, 1995;Song, Ma et al, 2001;Johnson et al, 2009;Giuliani et al, 2009) or high resolution (Ito et al, 1986), VUV beamlines on second-and third-generation sources with undulators provide an optimal flux-to-resolution compromise (Koike et al, 1994;Nahon et al, 1998;Song, Tseng et al, 2001;Reichardt et al, 2001;Petaccia et al, 2009;Balasubramanian et al, 2010) and, in some cases, variable polarization (Nahon & Alcaraz, 2004;Tanaka et al, 2009;Derossi et al, 1995;Matsui et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DESIRS: a state-of-the-art VUV beamline featuring high resolution and variable polarization for spectroscopy and dichroism at SOLEIL

et al. 2012

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DESIRS is a new undulator-based VUV beamline on the 2.75 GeV storage ring SOLEIL (France) optimized for gas-phase studies of molecular and electronic structures, reactivity and polarization-dependent photodynamics on model or actual systems encountered in the universe, atmosphere and biosphere. It is equipped with two dedicated endstations: a VUV Fourier-transform spectrometer (FTS) for ultra-high-resolution absorption spectroscopy (resolving power up to 10(6)) and an electron/ion imaging coincidence spectrometer. The photon characteristics necessary to fulfill its scientific mission are: high flux in the 5-40 eV range, high spectral purity, high resolution, and variable and well calibrated polarizations. The photon source is a 10 m-long pure electromagnetic variable-polarization undulator producing light from the very near UV up to 40 eV on the fundamental emission with tailored elliptical polarization allowing fully calibrated quasi-perfect horizontal, vertical and circular polarizations, as measured with an in situ VUV polarimeter with absolute polarization rates close to unity, to be obtained at the sample location. The optical design includes a beam waist allowing the implementation of a gas filter to suppress the undulator high harmonics. This harmonic-free radiation can be steered toward the FTS for absorption experiments, or go through a highly efficient pre-focusing optical system, based on a toroidal mirror and a reflective corrector plate similar to a Schmidt plate. The synchrotron radiation then enters a 6.65 m Eagle off-plane normal-incidence monochromator equipped with four gratings with different groove densities, from 200 to 4300 lines mm(-1), allowing the flux-to-resolution trade-off to be smoothly adjusted. The measured ultimate instrumental resolving powers are 124000 (174 µeV) around 21 eV and 250000 (54 µeV) around 13 eV, while the typical measured flux is in the 10(10)-10(11) photons s(-1) range in a 1/50000 bandwidth, and 10(12)-10(13) photons s(-1) in a 1/1000 bandwidth, which is very satisfactory although slightly below optical simulations. All of these features make DESIRS a state-of-the-art VUV beamline for spectroscopy and dichroism open to a broad scientific community.

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“…This is due to the fact that both CaF 2 and MgF 2 absorb cpl photons below this wavelength. Experiments on PEM-free recording of anisotropy spectra using tunable cpl generation via synchrotron based undulator insertion devices [72] might circumvent this problem in the future.…”

Section: Uv/vuv Anisotropy Spectroscopy Of Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropy Spectra for Enantiomeric Differentiation of Biomolecular Building Blocks

Evans

Meinert

Bredehöft

et al. 2013

Topics in Current Chemistry

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All biopolymers are composed of homochiral building blocks, and both D-sugars and L-amino acids uniquely constitute life on Earth. These monomers were originally enantiomerically differentiated under prebiotic conditions. Particular progress has recently been made in support of the photochemical model for this differentiation: the interaction of circularly polarized light with racemic molecules is currently thought to have been the original source for life's biological homochirality. The differential asymmetric photoreactivity of particular small molecules can be characterized by both circular dichroism and anisotropy spectroscopy. Anisotropy spectroscopy, a novel derivative of circular dichroism spectroscopy, records the anisotropy factor g = Δε/ε as a function of the wavelength. Anisotropy spectroscopy promisingly affords the wavelength-dependent determination of the enantiomeric excess (ee) inducible into chiral organic molecules by photochemical irradiation with circularly polarized light. Anisotropy spectra of small molecules therefore provide unique means for characterizing the different photochemical behaviors between enantiomers upon exposure to various wavelengths of circularly polarized light. This chapter will: (1) present the theory and configuration of anisotropy spectroscopy; (2) explain experimentally recorded anisotropy spectra of selected chiral biomolecules such as amino acids; and (3) discuss the relevance of these spectra for the investigation of the origin of the molecular homochirality observed in living organisms. This review describes a new chiroptical technique that is of significance for advances in asymmetric photochemistry and that is also highly relevant for the European Space Agency Rosetta Mission, which will determine enantiomeric excesses (ees) in chiral organic molecules in cometary ices when it lands on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in November 2014.

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First observation of natural circular dichroism spectra in the extreme ultraviolet region using a polarizing undulator-based optical system and its polarization characteristics

Cited by 19 publications

References 38 publications

The Astrophysical Formation of Asymmetric Molecules and the Emergence of a Chiral Bias

The Astrophysical Formation of Asymmetric Molecules and the Emergence of a Chiral Bias

DESIRS: a state-of-the-art VUV beamline featuring high resolution and variable polarization for spectroscopy and dichroism at SOLEIL

Anisotropy Spectra for Enantiomeric Differentiation of Biomolecular Building Blocks

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