First observation of surface plasmon-coupled electrochemiluminescence

Zhang, Jian; Gryczyński, Zygmunt; Lakowicz, Joseph R.

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.050

Cited by 56 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Other groups made similar observations [11][12][13] some dating back to 1975 [14], but in these papers it is often unclear if the emission is attributed to the fluorophore or scattered light. We refer to this unusual phenomenon as surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) which is an appropriate name as the directional emission was subsequently shown to be due to plasmons created by the excited fluorophores, and not due to creation of plasmons by the incident light [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmon-controlled fluorescence: a new detection technology

et al. 2006

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Fluorescence is widely used in biological research. Future advances in biology and medicine often depend on the advances in the capabilities of fluorescence measurements. In this overview paper we describe how a combination of fluorescence, and plasmonics, and nanofabrication can fundamentally change and increase the capabilities of fluorescence technology. This change will be based on the use of surface plasmons which are collective oscillations of free electrons in metallic surfaces and particles. Surface plasmon resonance is now used to measure bioaffinity reactions. However, the uses of surface plasmons in biology are not limited to their optical absorption or extinction. We have shown that fluorophores in the excited state can create plasmons which radiate into the far field; additionally fluorophores in the ground state can interact with and be excited by surface plasmons. These interactions suggest that the novel optical absorption and scattering properties of metallic nanostructures can be used to control the decay rates, location and direction of fluorophore emission. We refer to this technology as plasmon-controlled fluorescence. We predict that plasmon-controlled fluorescence (PCF) will result in a new generation of probes and devices. PCF is likely to allow design of structures which enhance emission at specific wavelengths and the creation of new devices which control and transport the energy from excited fluorophores in the form of plasmons, and then convert the plasmons back to light.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmon-controlled fluorescence: a new detection technology

et al. 2006

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“…We refer to this unusual phenomenon as surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE). This name is appropriate because the directional emission was subsequently shown to be due to plasmons created by the excited fluorophores and not due to creation of plasmons by the incident light [15].…”

Section: Introduction To Plasmon-controlled Fluorescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonics in Biology and Plasmon-Controlled Fluorescence

2006

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Fluorescence technology is fully entrenched in all aspects of biological research. To a significant extent, future advances in biology and medicine depend on the advances in the capabilities of fluorescence measurements. As examples, the sensitivity of many clinical assays is limited by sample autofluorescence, single-molecule detection is limited by the brightness and photostability of the fluorophores, and the spatial resolution of cellular imaging is limited to about one-half of the wavelength of the incident light. We believe a combination of fluorescence, plasmonics, and nanofabrication can fundamentally change and increase the capabilities of fluorescence technology. Surface plasmons are collective oscillations of free electrons in metallic surfaces and particles. Surface plasmons, without fluorescence, are already in use to a limited extent in biological research. These applications include the use of surface plasmon resonance to measure bioaffinity reactions and the use of metal colloids as light-scattering probes. However, the uses of surface plasmons in biology are not limited to their optical absorption or extinction. We now know that fluorophores in the excited state can create plasmons that radiate into the far field and that fluorophores in the ground state can interact with and be excited by surface plasmons. These reciprocal interactions suggest that the novel optical absorption and scattering properties of metallic nanostructures can be used to control the decay rates, location, and direction of fluorophore emission. We refer to these phenomena as plasmon-controlled fluorescence (PCF). We predict that PCF will result in a new generation of probes and devices. These likely possibilities include ultrabright single-particle probes that do not photobleach, probes for selective multiphoton excitation with decreased light intensities, and distance measurements in biomolecular assemblies in the range from 10 to 200 nm. Additionally, PCF is likely to allow design of structures that enhance emission at specific wavelengths and the creation of new devices that control and transport the energy from excited fluorophores in the form of plasmons, and then convert the plasmons back to light. Finally, it appears possible that the use of PCF will allow construction of wide-field optical microscopy with subwavelength spatial resolution down to 25 nm.

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“…Thus, it is an indication that, by incorporating the roughened metal films with SPCE, the lighting efficiency of LED could also be substantially increased. Given that we have previously shown the feasibility of surface plasmon-coupled electroluminescence on thin gold films, we expect an expansion of this technique from photoluminescence to electroluminescence will extend the applications of coatingenhanced SPCE from LCD displays to OLED, LED and field emission devices [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of surface plasmon-coupled emission for enhancing light transmission through Top-Emitting Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Chowdhury

Geddes

et al. 2008

Thin Solid Films

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In this paper, we perform surface plasmon-coupled emission studies on Rhodamine 6G molecules embedded in a corrugated structure of a thin film composed of fluorinated silica particles, and a binding medium. Our results show enhancements of photoluminescence due to surface corrugation. By varying the size of the fluorinated silica nanoparticles we were able to control the surface correlation length scale of the corrugated surface structure. It was found that the coupling efficiency of the directional light emission is strongly correlated to the surface morphology, particularly the surface correlation length, of the corrugated dielectric structure. This substantial enhancement of signal could potentially be utilized in Organic Light Emitting Diode devices to enhance the light emission and transmission through a thin silver layer which can also serve as the cathode in Top-Emitting Organic Light Emitting Diodes.

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First observation of surface plasmon-coupled electrochemiluminescence

Cited by 56 publications

References 30 publications

Plasmon-controlled fluorescence: a new detection technology

Plasmon-controlled fluorescence: a new detection technology

Plasmonics in Biology and Plasmon-Controlled Fluorescence

Use of surface plasmon-coupled emission for enhancing light transmission through Top-Emitting Organic Light Emitting Diodes

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