First Occurrence of Platycladus from the Upper Miocene of Southwest China and Its Phytogeographic Implications

Wu, Jingyu; Ding, Shuai; Li, Qijia; Zhao, Zhijun; Sun, Bainian

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115141

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Fokienia is similar to most genera of the subfamily Cupressoideae in terms of leaf macromorphology, but can be effectively distinguished by the epidermal characteristics (Kvaček et al, 2000;Kvaček and Rember, 2007;Shi et al, 2011Shi et al, , 2012. Moreover, the macromorphology and anatomical characteristics of Cupressoideae foliage have been studied in detail (Kvaček et al, 2000;Wang, 2007;Shi et al, 2011Shi et al, , 2012Wu et al, 2014Wu et al, , 2019Zhang et al, 2015), which plays an important guiding role in the identification of Fokienia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Fossil Fokienia (Cupressaceae) in South China and Its Palaeogeographic and Palaeoecological Implications

Zhang

Kodrul

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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Fokienia A. Henry & H. H. Thomas is a monotypic genus of the Cupressoideae Rich. ex Sweet (Cupressaceae), native to subtropical evergreen mesophytic forests in South China, northern Laos and Vietnam. The fossil record of Fokienia is very scanty, with only one known occurrence of foliage in the Oligocene of Longjing, Jilin, China. Here we report the fossil foliage of Fokienia discovered in the Miocene Erzitang Formation of the Guiping Basin, South China, which is similar to that of the only extant species Fokienia hodginsii in both macromorphological and epidermal features. This species is the earliest fossil record within the modern distribution area of Fokienia and the only fossil species for which morphology and anatomy have been studied in detail. Fossil evidence suggests that the genus Fokienia was present at middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in the Oligocene and spread to South China during the Miocene. Due to physiological adaptations to warm-wet environments and weak cold tolerance, Fokienia migrated southward, as global climate cooling gradually drove it to extinction in the mid-latitudes. The ecological niche of the extant species, and co-existing plant fossils, suggest that the fossil assemblage represents the remains of an evergreen broad-leaved and conifer mixed forest growing under humid and warm Miocene climate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Fossil Fokienia (Cupressaceae) in South China and Its Palaeogeographic and Palaeoecological Implications

Zhang

Kodrul

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Previously, the leaf surfaces of Chamaecyparis and Platycladus spp. were observed using scanning electron microscopy (Lai et al, ; Wu, Ding, Li, Zhao, & Sun, ). However, little is known about the micromorphology of the foliar stomata, epicuticular waxes, and papillae of either species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron microscopic observations of stomata, epicuticular waxes, and papillae in Chamaecyparis obtusa: Reconsidering the traditional concept of Y‐shaped white stomatal bands

Kim

2018

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The foliar morphological characters of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) were revisited using optical and scanning electron microscopy. In C. obtusa, typical Y-shaped white stomatal bands were evident on the abaxial leaf surfaces. Two facial leaves and two lateral leaves were observed at the same node. Waxy papillae and oval stomata were arranged in two or three rows with protuberant rims on the abaxial leaf surfaces. Higher magnifications revealed the deposition of epicuticular waxes (tubules) on the Y-shaped white stomatal bands. Given the absence of stomatal bands after dewaxing with organic solvents, the white stomatal bands in C. obtusa were related to the epicuticular waxes rather than the presence of aggregated stomata alone. In contrast to C. obtusa, a single median leaf and two lateral leaves were observed at the same node of oriental arborvitae (Platycladus koraiensis). Neither stomatal bands nor papillae were observed on P. koraiensis leaves. The stomatal density and epicuticular waxes in the stomatal regions of C. obtusa were higher than those of P. koraiensis. This study suggests that the traditional concept of Y-shaped white stomatal bands in C. obtusa should be revised to describe the arrangement of the aggregated waxy stomata that occur in rows.

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A new conservation strategy for China—A model starting with primates

Pan

Oxnard

Grueter

et al. 2016

American J Primatol

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Although the evolutionary history of primates in China dates to the Eocene, and includes major radiations of lorisids, hominoids, cercopithecines, and colobines during the Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene, extensive human-induced habitat change and deforestation over the past few centuries has resulted in 22 of 25 extant species listed as threatened or endangered, and two species of gibbons extirpated in the last few years. This commentary briefly reviews factors that have contributed to the decline of primates in China over the past 400 years, and in particular how major social events and economic development in modern China have resulted in unsustainable environmental change. In response, we describe our efforts to develop a strategic scientific, educational and conservation partnership in China, focusing on primates, in which GIS technology will be used to integrate geographical profiles, climatic information, and changes in land use patterns and human and nonhuman primate distributions to highlight issues of immediate concern and to develop priority-based conservation solutions. Our goal is to evaluate how human-induced environmental change has impacted primates over time and to predict the likelihood of primate population extinctions in the near future. This model represents an early warning system that will be widely available to the Chinese government, public, educational institutions, researchers, and NGOs through social media and educational videos in order to arouse public awareness and promote wildlife conservation. We encourage colleagues across a broad range of academic disciplines, political ideologies, and the public to help move this strategy into reality, the sooner the better. Am. J. Primatol. 78:1137-1148, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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First Occurrence of Platycladus from the Upper Miocene of Southwest China and Its Phytogeographic Implications

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

First Fossil Fokienia (Cupressaceae) in South China and Its Palaeogeographic and Palaeoecological Implications

First Fossil Fokienia (Cupressaceae) in South China and Its Palaeogeographic and Palaeoecological Implications

Electron microscopic observations of stomata, epicuticular waxes, and papillae in Chamaecyparis obtusa: Reconsidering the traditional concept of Y‐shaped white stomatal bands

A new conservation strategy for China—A model starting with primates

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