2018
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800562
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First‐Pass Metabolism of Chlorophylls in Mice

Abstract: Pheophorbide a absorption is, at least partly, protein-mediated through SR-BI. This active absorption process could explain the specific accumulation of pheophorbide a in the livers of animals fed a chlorophyll-rich diet. A complementary mechanism could be the de-esterification of pheophytin a in the liver, yielding pheophorbide a and phytol, which can explain the origin of phytol in the liver. Hence, the results suggest two molecular mechanisms responsible for the accumulation of the health-promoting compound… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…In plant foods, pheophytins, pheophorbides and pyroderivatives are the chlorophyll compounds that originate widely during thermal processing or fermentation of fruits, vegetables and green algae [ 47 ] while chlorophyll derivatives with phytyl-chlorin or phytyl-rhodin structures are specifically associated with the processing of alkali-treated table olives [ 26 , 27 , 31 ]. In another field, this type of derivatives has also been identified during the senescence of microalgaes incubated under oxic conditions [ 49 ], and more recently as secondary metabolites of digestion in mice from a diet rich in chlorophylls [ 50 ]. Its presence in the liver indicates the existence of alternative metabolic pathways that modify the structure of the chlorophyll macrocycle increasing its polarity and, as indicated by the authors [ 50 ], to facilitate probably a greater metabolism and/or excretion.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In plant foods, pheophytins, pheophorbides and pyroderivatives are the chlorophyll compounds that originate widely during thermal processing or fermentation of fruits, vegetables and green algae [ 47 ] while chlorophyll derivatives with phytyl-chlorin or phytyl-rhodin structures are specifically associated with the processing of alkali-treated table olives [ 26 , 27 , 31 ]. In another field, this type of derivatives has also been identified during the senescence of microalgaes incubated under oxic conditions [ 49 ], and more recently as secondary metabolites of digestion in mice from a diet rich in chlorophylls [ 50 ]. Its presence in the liver indicates the existence of alternative metabolic pathways that modify the structure of the chlorophyll macrocycle increasing its polarity and, as indicated by the authors [ 50 ], to facilitate probably a greater metabolism and/or excretion.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In another field, this type of derivatives has also been identified during the senescence of microalgaes incubated under oxic conditions [ 49 ], and more recently as secondary metabolites of digestion in mice from a diet rich in chlorophylls [ 50 ]. Its presence in the liver indicates the existence of alternative metabolic pathways that modify the structure of the chlorophyll macrocycle increasing its polarity and, as indicated by the authors [ 50 ], to facilitate probably a greater metabolism and/or excretion.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The major outcome is that chlorophylls a and b are transformed into their corresponding pheophorbides and pheophytins and are absorbed at similar rates as carotenoids. A further step has been to show that pheophorbide a is transported at the intestinal level by a protein-mediated mechanism, with scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI) being a plausible transporter [ 159 ]. These results have been confirmed at the in vivo level, using mice as the experimental model, showing a preferential accumulation of pheophorbide in the liver along with multiple other chlorophyll compounds [ 159 ].…”
Section: Antioxidant Capacity Of Chlorophyllsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A further step has been to show that pheophorbide a is transported at the intestinal level by a protein-mediated mechanism, with scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI) being a plausible transporter [ 159 ]. These results have been confirmed at the in vivo level, using mice as the experimental model, showing a preferential accumulation of pheophorbide in the liver along with multiple other chlorophyll compounds [ 159 ]. However, in humans, a trial was developed with copper chlorophylls, identifying copper chlorophyll e4 as the major component in serum [ 160 ].…”
Section: Antioxidant Capacity Of Chlorophyllsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…At this point, and by means of comparative absorption experiments with the Caco-2 cellular model at different concentrations of pheophytins, it was hypothesized that the absorption process could correlate with a passive facilitated mechanism [42]. On the contrary, to decipher the kind of cellular transport process for pheophorbides, Viera et al [44] described the production of micelles rich in pheophorbide a to reach physiological micellar concentrations (7 μm). Pre-incubations of cell monolayers with different amounts of one specific inhibitor of the Scavenger Receptor class B type I (SR-BI) transporter (BLT1), significantly inhibited the uptake of pheophorbide a , which strongly suggests that SR-BI is involved in the transport of pheophorbide a .…”
Section: In Vivo and In Vitro Adsorption Distribution Metabolismmentioning
confidence: 99%