First pathological report of parasitic gastric ulceration in Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) along the coast of south central Chile

Yáñez, Francisco; Fernández, Ítalo; Campos, Verónica; Mansilla, Miguel Ángel; Valenzuela, Ariel; González, Hernán; Rodríguez, C.V.; Rivas, Meyling; Alveal, Krisler; Oyarzún, Ciro

doi:10.3856/vol40-issue2-fulltext-20

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…The species was first described from albatrosses from Australia and, since then the species was reported in South America from Thalassarche melanophris (=Diomedea melanophris (Temminck, 1828), the South American penguin, Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster, 1781), Spheniscus humboldti Meyen, 1834 and Sula leucogaster Boddaert, 1783 (LENT;FREITAS, 1948;SANTOS, 1984;MANN, 1992;SILVA et al, 2005;GARBIN et al, 2007;GONZÁLEZ-ACUÑA et al, 2008;EDERLI et al, 2009;DIAZ et al, 2010;PRADO et al, 2011;YÁÑEZ et al, 2012;REZENDE et al, 2013;CAMPOS et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and morphological characterization of Contracaecum pelagicum (Nematoda) parasitizing Spheniscus magellanicus (Chordata) from Brazilian waters

Borges

Santos

Brandão

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Three new sequences of Mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase subunit 2 (mtDNA cox-2) from C. pelagicum parasite of Spheniscus magellanicus, the Magelanicus penguin, were determined from Brazilian waters. The sequences presented 99 and 98% of similarity with C. pelagicum sequences from Argentina, deposited on GenBank for the same genetic region and with a strong statistical support inferred from the phylogenetic tree. The morphological and ultrastructural studies that were carried out confirmed the genetic analysis.Keywords: Anisakidae, penguin, Rio de Janeiro. ResumoForam determinadas três novas sequências da região do Citocromo c-oxidase da subunidade II do DNA mitocondrial (cox-2 mtDNA) de Contracaecum pelagicum, parasito de Spheniscus magellanicus, pinguim Magalhães, de águas brasileiras. As sequências apresentaram 99 e 98% de similaridade com sequências de C. pelagicum da Argentina depositadas no GenBank da mesma região genética com forte suporte estatístico inferido pela arvore filogenética. Estudos morfológicos e ultraestruturais realizados confirmaram a identidade genética.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and morphological characterization of Contracaecum pelagicum (Nematoda) parasitizing Spheniscus magellanicus (Chordata) from Brazilian waters

Borges

Santos

Brandão

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Antihelminthic treatment alters cellular but not humoral immune components in Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) chicks

2018

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We evaluate whether helminth parasites affect both cellular and humoral components of the immune system of Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus (J.R. Forster, 1781)) chicks. We measured immune components after the administration of an antihelminthic drug to remove parasites. Cellular immune components included the complete white blood cell (WBC) count and the in vivo skin-swelling response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Humoral aspects assessed were the ability of plasma to agglutinate foreign particles and the bactericidal capacity of plasma. Antihelminthic treatment resulted in lower total WBC counts supporting the role of circulating leukocytes in fighting macroparasites. Deparasitized chicks showed a reduction in all types of leukocytes. Contrary to our expectation, deparasitized Magellanic Penguin chicks showed lower response to PHA injection than control chicks. The swelling response was positively correlated with body condition and with total WBC in circulation. We hypothesize that the specific helminth community naturally occurring in Magellanic Penguin chicks might have an overall immunostimulatory effect on the PHA response. Antihelminthic treatment did not alter the innate humoral immune parameters measured. Our results support the prediction that, given their relatively low costs of use and maintenance, innate humoral components would not be as affected by antihelminthic treatment as more costly cellular responses.

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Postmortem findings in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) caught in a drift gillnet

et al. 2020

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Background Penguin interaction with gillnets has been extensively reported in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and is considered a major conservation threat. Among penguin species, Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) are currently considered of great concern, particularly in Brazil, where they are highly susceptible to gillnet bycatch. Nevertheless, information about drowning-associated microscopic findings in penguins is limited. Results We describe the anatomopathological findings of 20 Magellanic penguins that drowned after getting entangled in a drift gillnet while wintering along the Brazilian shelf and washed ashore still enmeshed in Santa Catarina, Brazil. All 20 birds (19 juveniles and 1 adult; 18 females and 2 males) were in good body condition. Major gross findings were abrasion, bruising, and local erythema and edema of the wings, multiorgan congestion, jugular vein engorgement, pulmonary edema and hemorrhage, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, fluid in the trachea, serous bloody fluid in the lungs, gastrointestinal parasites (nematodes, cestodes and trematodes), and debris in the stomach. The most common histopathological findings were cerebral and pulmonary congestion, pulmonary edema, splenic histiocytosis, lymphoid splenic hyperplasia, acute splenitis, extramedullary hepatic hematopoiesis, and parasitic enteritis. Although unspecific, the observed multiorgan congestion and pulmonary edema are consistent with previous reports of drowning in birds and may be indicative of this process. Conclusions Drowning may be a challenging diagnosis (e.g., carcass decomposition, predation), but must be considered as a differential in all beach-cast seabird postmortem examinations. To the authors’ knowledge this is the largest anatomopathological study based on microscopic examination in drowned penguins.

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First pathological report of parasitic gastric ulceration in Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) along the coast of south central Chile

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Molecular and morphological characterization of Contracaecum pelagicum (Nematoda) parasitizing Spheniscus magellanicus (Chordata) from Brazilian waters

Molecular and morphological characterization of Contracaecum pelagicum (Nematoda) parasitizing Spheniscus magellanicus (Chordata) from Brazilian waters

Antihelminthic treatment alters cellular but not humoral immune components in Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) chicks

Postmortem findings in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) caught in a drift gillnet

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