First Patient-to-Patient Intrahospital Transmission of Clade I Candida auris in France Revealed after a Two-Month Incubation Period

Alanio, Alexandre; Snell, Hannah Marie; Cordier, Camille; Desnos‐Ollivier, Marie; Dellière, Sarah; Aissaoui, Nesrine; Sturny-Leclère, Aude; Silva, Elodie da; Eblé, Cyril; Rouveau, M.; Thégat, Micheline; Zebiche, Widad; Lafaurie, Matthieu; Denis, Blandine; Touratier, S.; Benyamina, Mourad; Dudoignon, Emmanuel; Hamane, Samia; Cuomo, Christina A.; Dépret, François

doi:10.1128/spectrum.01833-22

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Delayed colonization despite multiple negative PPTs was reported previously in a burn ICU. 4 The biphasic timeline suggests an environmental reservoir as reported by other centers. 5 The drain from the room previously housing patient 1, then patient 4, remained positive for C. auris 4 months after discharge and might represent an environmental reservoir.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“… 3 Prior to testing positive for C. auris, patient 3 was under expanded contact precautions (providers changed into clean hospital scrubs for entry) due to the vulnerability of the specialized skin grafts. Point prevalence testing began again in the BICU, with two additional colonized patients 4 , 5 identified. Weekly PPT continued in the BICU until two consecutive weeks were negative.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Candida auris in the burn unit: a prolonged biphasic outbreak

Pedersen,

Mikesell,

Marcaccini

et al. 2024

ASHE

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida auris in the burn unit: a prolonged biphasic outbreak

Pedersen,

Mikesell,

Marcaccini

et al. 2024

ASHE

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“…Unlike most Candida species, C. auris displays unique skin tropism and can persist on the human skin for a long time. This attribute is thought to be an important factor for C. auris outbreaks in healthcare settings (17), which has also been responsible for life-threatening systemic infections in susceptible patients. However, the skin adhesion or colonization mechanisms, as well as systemic virulence attributes of C. auris have remained poorly understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the WHO Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) has also highlighted the need for a stronger global surveillance to identify the emergence of drug resistance in Candida infections (16). The spread of C. auris is facilitated through its easy transmission by skin-to-skin contact, especially in hospital environments (17). Recent reports indicate transmission of pan- and echinocandin-resistant C. auris strains from healthcare facilities in Washington DC and Texas (18), suggesting C. auris can spread quite easily among susceptible patient populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheCandida aurisHog1 MAP kinase is essential for the colonization of murine skin and intradermal persistence

Shivarathri,

Chauhan,

Datta

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant human fungal pathogen, was first identified in 2009 in Japan. Since then, systemic C. auris infections have now been reported in more than 50 countries, with mortality rates of 30-60%. A major contributing factor to its high inter- and intrahospital clonal transmission is that C. auris, unlike most Candida species, displays unique skin tropism and can stay on human skin for a prolonged period. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for C. auris skin colonization, intradermal persistence, and systemic virulence are poorly understood. Here, we report that C. auris Hog1 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is essential for efficient skin colonization, intradermal persistence, as well as systemic virulence. RNA-seq analysis of wildtype parental and hog1 mutant strains revealed marked down-regulation of genes involved in processes such as cell adhesion, cell-wall rearrangement, and pathogenesis in hog1 mutant compared to the wildtype parent. Consistent with these data, we found a prominent role for Hog1 in maintaining cell-wall architecture, as the hog1 mutant demonstrated a significant increase in cell-surface b-glucan exposure and a concomitant reduction in chitin content. Additionally, we observed that Hog1 was required for biofilm formation in vitro and fungal survival when challenged with primary murine macrophages and neutrophils ex vivo. Collectively, these findings have important implications for understanding the C. auris skin adherence mechanisms and penetration of skin epithelial layers preceding bloodstream infections.

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“…As shown in Table 2, the studies employed various techniques for obtaining the samples. Sixteen studies used swabs [48][49][50][51][52][53][55][56][57][58]60,63,65,[68][69][70], while two used gauze [54,59], and one used both direct contact plates and swab techniques [61]. Six studies did not report the methods of sample collection [13,47,62,64,66,67].…”

Section: Potential Hospital Environmental Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Environmental Reservoirs of Candida auris: A Systematic Review

Silva,

Miranda,

Costa-de-Oliveira

2024

JoF

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Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant yeast, poses significant challenges in healthcare settings worldwide. Understanding its environmental reservoirs is crucial for effective control strategies. This systematic review aimed to review the literature regarding the natural and environmental reservoirs of C. auris. Following the PRISMA guidelines, published studies until October 2023 were searched in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Information regarding the origin, sampling procedure, methods for laboratory identification, and antifungal susceptibility was collected and analyzed. Thirty-three studies published between 2016 and 2023 in 15 countries were included and analyzed. C. auris was detected in various environments, including wastewater treatment plants, hospital patient care surfaces, and natural environments such as salt marshes, sand, seawater, estuaries, apples, and dogs. Detection methods varied, with molecular techniques often used alongside culture. Susceptibility profiles revealed resistance patterns. Phylogenetic studies highlight the potential of environmental strains to influence clinical infections. Despite methodological heterogeneity, this review provides valuable information for future research and highlights the need for standardized sampling and detection protocols to mitigate C. auris transmission.

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First Patient-to-Patient Intrahospital Transmission of Clade I Candida auris in France Revealed after a Two-Month Incubation Period

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Candida auris in the burn unit: a prolonged biphasic outbreak

Candida auris in the burn unit: a prolonged biphasic outbreak

TheCandida aurisHog1 MAP kinase is essential for the colonization of murine skin and intradermal persistence

Potential Environmental Reservoirs of Candida auris: A Systematic Review

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