Electronic structure, effective masses, mechanical and thermoacoustic properties of cubic HfO 2 at applied hydrostatic pressure up to 50 GPa have been investigated using the planewave ultrasoft pseudopotential technique based on the firstprinciples density-functional theory (DFT). The calculated ground-state properties are in good agreement with previous data, and the band gaps increase versus pressure. The valenceand conduction-band effective masses for the first time have been theoretically predicted under different pressures, and the calculated carrier effective masses are shown to be anisotropic. The three independent elastic constants C 11 , C 12 and C 44 for cubic HfO 2 have been calculated at zero pressure and high pressure. Using the Voigt, Reuss and Hill theory, the bulk, shear and Young's moduli and Poisson coefficients have been obtained at the applied pressure. From the obtained elastic constants, the acoustic velocity and Debye temperature Q D have been estimated versus pressure. The results obtained at 0 GPa are consistent with the previous data.