First Recognized Human Bite in the United States by the Asian Longhorned Tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis

Wormser, Gary P.; McKenna, Donna; Piedmonte, Nicholas P; Vinci, Vanessa; Egizi, Andrea; Backenson, Bryon; Falco, Richard C.

doi:10.1093/cid/ciz449

Cited by 72 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To our knowledge, there has not been any human pathogen detected in field-collected H. longicornis in the United States; however, there is a concern that this tick has the potential to transmit endemic pathogens such as Anaplasma, Babesia, and Rickettsia species [20]. The first human bite case by H. longicornis tick in the United States was reported from New York state in 2018 [22]. This tick species has parthenogenetic, bisexual, and aneuploid populations [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Habitat Suitability Models for Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann in North America to Determine Its Potential Geographic Range

Namgyal

Couloigner

Lysyk

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, 1901 is a vector of many pathogens of public and veterinary health importance in its native range in East Asia and introduced range in Oceania. In North America, this tick was first detected in New Jersey in 2017. Currently, this tick has been reported from 15 states of the United States. In this study, we modeled the habitat suitability of H. longicornis using the MaxEnt modeling approach. We separated occurrence records from the published literature from four different geographical regions in the world and developed MaxEnt models using relevant environmental variables to describe the potential habitat suitability of this tick in North America. The predictive accuracy of the models was assessed using the U.S. county locations where this tick species has been reported. Our best model predicted that the most suitable North American areas for geographic expansion of H. longicornis are from Arkansas–South Carolina to the south of Quebec–Nova Scotia in the east, and from California to the coast of British Columbia in the west. Enhanced surveillance and further investigation are required to gain a better understanding of the role that this tick might play in the transmission of diseases to humans and animals in North America.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Habitat Suitability Models for Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann in North America to Determine Its Potential Geographic Range

Namgyal

Couloigner

Lysyk

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…The Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, is widely distributed in eastern Asia, Australia, and New Zealand and was recently found in the US (Heath, 2016;Rainey et al, 2018;Raghavan et al, 2019;Wormser et al, 2019;Zheng et al, 2019). H. longicornis, known as a harmful ectoparasite for domestic animals, spreads diseases including babesioses to livestock (McFadden et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porin Expression Profiles in Haemaphysalis longicornis Infected With Babesia microti

et al. 2020

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The porin gene is widely disseminated in various organisms and has a pivotal role in the regulation of pathogen infection in blood-sucking arthropods. However, to date, information on the porin gene from the Haemaphysalis longicornis tick, an important vector of human and animal diseases, remains unknown. In this study, we identified the porin gene from H. longicornis and evaluated its expression levels in Babesia microtiinfected and-uninfected H. longicornis ticks at developmental stages. We also analyzed porin functions in relation to both tick blood feeding and Babesia infection and the relationship between porin and porin-related apoptosis genes such as B-cell lymphoma (Bcl), cytochrome complex (Cytc), caspase 2 (Cas2), and caspase 8 (Cas8). The coding nucleotide sequence of H. longicornis porin cDNA was found to be 849 bp in length and encoded 282 amino acids. Domain analysis showed the protein to contain six determinants of voltage gating and two polypeptide binding sites. Porin mRNA levels were not significantly different between 1-day-laid and 7-day-laid eggs. In the nymphal stage, higher porin expression levels were found in unfed, 12-h-partially-fed (12 hPF), 1-day-partially-fed (1 dPF), 2 dPF nymphs and nymphs at 0 day post-engorgement (0 dAE) vs. nymphs at 2 dAE. Cytc and Cas2 mRNA levels were higher in 2 dPF nymphs in contrast to nymphs at 2 dAE. Porin expression levels appeared to be higher in the infected vs. uninfected nymphs during blood feeding except at 1 dPF and 0-1 dAE. Especially, the highest B. microti burden negatively affected porin mRNA levels in both nymphs and female adults. Porin knockdown affected body weight and Babesia infection levels and significantly downregulated the expression levels of Cytc and Bcl in H. longicornis female ticks. In addition, this study showed that infection levels of the B. microti Gray strain in nymphal and female H. longicornis peaked at or around engorgement from blood feeding to post engorgement. Taken together, the research conducted in this study suggests that H. longicornis porin might interfere with blood feeding and B. microti infection.

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“…In countries where BHAV is endemic, cattle density is a risk factor for disease acquisition (Chen et al, 2019). Although cases of disease transmission have not yet been confirmed in the United States, the first reported bite to a human occurred in 2019 (Wormser et al, 2020), and infections in indigenous areas have resulted in haemorrhagic fever in humans (Beard et al, 2018). to Texas was intercepted at Hawaii (Hoogstraal, Roberts, Kohls, & Tipton, 1968).…”

Section: Living With the Longhorned: A Perspective On Invasive Haemapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living with the longhorned: A perspective on invasive Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks in the United States

Fricken

2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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First Recognized Human Bite in the United States by the Asian Longhorned Tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis

Cited by 72 publications

References 12 publications

Comparison of Habitat Suitability Models for Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann in North America to Determine Its Potential Geographic Range

Comparison of Habitat Suitability Models for Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann in North America to Determine Its Potential Geographic Range

Porin Expression Profiles in Haemaphysalis longicornis Infected With Babesia microti

Living with the longhorned: A perspective on invasive Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks in the United States

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