First record and new species of the parasitoid wasp Chaenotetrastichus Graham (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) for the Neotropical Region, with notes on its biology and a key for the species of the genus

Marinho, Diego; Costa, Valmir Antônio; Vivallo, Felipe

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4604.2.8

Cited by 864 publications

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“…They act as endo or cleptoparasites (there are not precise observations and the behaviour of this species could not be recorded here) and this is the first record of Caenochrysis crotonis as parasitoid of Auplopus nests, as well as, the first record of this species for the Atlantic Forest domain. Also, the study conducted in the area discovered a new species for Science, the parasitoid Chaenotetrastichus neotropicalis (Marinho et al, 2019), which shows the importance of inventories in urban areas and how these areas may support still unknown hymenopteran fauna. Studies with higher number of nests collected recorded several natural enemies of pre-existing cavity nesters (Gazola & Garófalo, 2009;Rocha-Filho et al, 2017), and such cleptoparasites species are indicative of environmental quality (Sheffield et al, 2013), since their populations are the first to be affected for any habitat disturbance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Unveiling the trap-nesting bees and wasps’ fauna (Hymenoptera: Apocrita) and associated organisms of the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Marinho

Vivallo

2020

Pap. Avulsos Zool.

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Urban areas, as cities, are frequently overlooked as refuges for the native fauna. However, these places may support several species and house relevant biodiversity contributing to important ecosystemic functions. Wasps and bees (Hymenoptera: Apocrita) are important faunistic elements acting as predators/parasitoids and pollinators, respectively. Therefore, they must be surveyed and inventoried for conservation purposes, especially in cities located in the Atlantic Forest domain, a ravaged Brazilian biome. Accordingly, this study presents a species list of trap-nesting bees and wasps that occurs at the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. The survey was conducted using the trap-nest method. Three types of trap-nests were offered totalizing 1,038 traps: rubber hose, bamboo cane and plastic straw. The plastic straw traps were the most effective followed by the bamboo cane ones at attracting nesting wasps and bees. Between April/2017 and February/2019, 12 foundress species built nests: Tetrapedia curvitarsis (Apidae) (33 nests), Hylaeus sp. (Colletidae) (6), Auplopus cf. rufipes (Pompilidae) (5), Trypoxylon sp. (Crabronidae) (4), Pachodynerus nasidens (Vespidae) (3), Auplopus cf. brasiliensis (Pompilidae), Megachile benigna and Megachile sp. (Megachilidae), Euglossa pleosticta, Euglossa sp., and Eufriesea sp. (Apidae) and Penepodium sp. (Sphecidae) all with one nest. Also, four natural enemies were recorded: Chaenotetrastichus neotropicalis (Eulophidae), Gasteruption brachychaetum (Gasterupteiidae), Caenochrysis crotonis (Chrysididae) and Amobia sp. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Most bee nests were restrained to the matrix forest and nearby areas, whereas wasps built their nests predominantly in open areas. Regarding seasonality, bees tended to nest in the summer and early autumn influenced by mean temperature, in contrast of wasps that nested in late autumn, winter and spring, influenced by pluviosity. Besides many rare species, which suggests environmental disturbance, the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro showed a fairly diverse fauna and shows how forest fragment in cities may harbour important representatives of the native fauna.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Specimens emerged were sexed, pinned and labelled and the species identification was made by using the following keys: Mitchell (1930) Hanson & Gauld (2006), Michener (2007), Nemésio (2009), and Marinho et al (2019). Additionally, experts confirmed the identifications as stated in the acknowledgement section.…”

Section: Field Methods and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the trap-nesting bees and wasps’ fauna (Hymenoptera: Apocrita) and associated organisms of the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Marinho

Vivallo

2020

Pap. Avulsos Zool.

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“…brasiliensis, C. crotonis probably feeds on the larva after it pupates, since the parasitoids were observed developing inside the cocoon of A. cf. brasiliensis (Marinho et al, 2019), and no trace of the spider was observed in the cell. This record of parasitoidism contrasts with reports by Vidal (1996), which state that species of Chaenotetrastichus are cleptoparasites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…One cell was opened (the broken cell in Fig. 4; the same brood cell is displayed in Marinho et al (2019), Figs. 14-15, with the cocoon of the host full of several parasitoid pupae).…”

Section: Auplopus Cf Rufipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on the bionomy of two spider wasp species in an urban forest fragment in Brazil

Marinho

Vivallo

2020

Pap. Avulsos Zool.

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There are few studies dedicated to the natural history of Neotropical spider wasps (Pompilidae). When it comes to urban areas, the knowledge on these wasps is even scarcer. This study sheds light on the natural history of Auplopus cf. rufipes and A. cf. brasiliensis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae: Ageniellini) from an urban Atlantic Forest fragment in the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. Auplopus cf. rufipes displays a multivoltine pattern and frequently nests in bamboo canes scattered in the open areas, whereas A. cf. brasiliensis is a rare sight, with only a single nest collected from a hose trap-nest. Females of the former species show aggressive behaviour, which suggests a solitary lifestyle. Their nests were partly enveloped in a complex structure, similar to other species that build free-standing, unconcealed nests and display some degree of sociality. Such behaviour could not be observed for A. cf. brasiliensis. Despite that, nests of both species were built using mud pellets, though the brood cells differed regarding arrangement and position in the trap. Two parasites were found attacking the cells: Caenochrysis crotonis (Chrysididae) in a cell of A. cf. rufipes, and Chaenotetrastichus neotropicalis (Eulophidae) in two cells of A. cf. brasiliensis, both recorded for the first time. Auplopus cf. rufipes was found to prey on Frigga cf. quintensis (Salticidae), the first record of this genus as a host of Auplopus.

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“…On the other hand, Caenochrysis crotonis has been documented for its nesting habitats, also parasitizing other Pompilidae species, such as Auplopus cf. brasiliensis (Marinho et al, 2019). This species belongs to the Chrysididae family and it can be considered a kleptoparasite as their larvae feed on food stored by their hosts (spiders, in general) (Marinho et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trap-nesting biology of an ectoparasitoid spider wasp, Auplopus subaurarius (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae): the importance of wooded environments for niche generalist species

et al. 2023

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The insect group is one of the most diverse on the planet and due to habitat degradation, many of these species are becoming extinct, leaving a lack of information on the basic biology of each one. In this study, previously unseen information about nesting biology is revealed in Auplopus subaurarius trap nests. This is a solitary ectoparasitoid spider wasp that nests in preexisting cavities. We used a trap-nesting methodology to sample A. subaurarius in two different sampling periods (2017/2018 and 2020/2021) in three types of environment (forest, grassland and Eucalyptus plantation). In our study, the A. subaurarius nest building was more frequent during the hottest months of the year (November to March), with its highest abundance found within natural forest areas and in Eucalyptus plantation than in grassland areas. In addition, the species had two development times: a short one (three months) and a delayed one (up to one year). Moreover, females were larger than males (weight and size) and the species’ sex ratio had a tendency toward female production. Auplopus subaurarius presented seven natural enemy species: Ceyxia longispina, Caenochrysis crotonis, Photochryptus sp.1, Photochryptus sp.2, Messatoporus sp., Ephuta icema and Sphaeropthalma sp. We emphasize the importance of wooded environments to maintain the A. subaurarius populations and their associated interactors, both spiders and natural enemies, as these environments can provide better life conditions than grassland areas. Furthermore, other solitary wasps that may have the same lifestyle of A. subaurarius can also be improved by natural forest conservation and by good silviculture plantation planning, which should consider ecological aspects of Atlantic Forest landscapes.

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First record and new species of the parasitoid wasp Chaenotetrastichus Graham (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) for the Neotropical Region, with notes on its biology and a key for the species of the genus

Cited by 864 publications

References 0 publications

Unveiling the trap-nesting bees and wasps’ fauna (Hymenoptera: Apocrita) and associated organisms of the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Unveiling the trap-nesting bees and wasps’ fauna (Hymenoptera: Apocrita) and associated organisms of the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Notes on the bionomy of two spider wasp species in an urban forest fragment in Brazil

Trap-nesting biology of an ectoparasitoid spider wasp, Auplopus subaurarius (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae): the importance of wooded environments for niche generalist species

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