First record of Ginkgo-related fertile organs (Hamshawvia, Stachyopitys) and leaves (Baiera, Sphenobaiera) in the Triassic of Brazil, Santa Maria formation

Barboni, Ronaldo; Dutra, Tânia Lindner

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2015.08.001

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Seed‐bearing organs of corystosperms have been reported from the Late Permian of India (Chandra et al ., ), the Triassic of Antarctica (Axsmith et al ., ; Klavins et al ., ), Argentina (Petriella, ), Australia (Holmes & Ash, ; Playford et al ., ; Holmes, ; Holmes & Anderson, ), Brazil (Barboni & Dutra, ), northeast China (Zan et al ., ), New Zealand (Pole & Raine, ) and probably Zimbabwe (Lacey, ), and the Jurassic of Germany (Kirchner & Müller, ), but the two species that are most informative with regard to cupule structure are Umkomasia uniramia and Umkomasia resinosa from the Triassic of Antarctica (Axsmith et al ., ; Klavins et al ., ). Doylea tetrahedrasperma from the Early Cretaceous of Canada (Stockey & Rothwell, ) is also important for comparison with U. mongolica .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Cretaceous Umkomasia from Mongolia: implications for homology of corystosperm cupules

et al. 2016

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Summary Corystosperms, a key extinct group of Late Permian to Early Cretaceous plants, are important for understanding seed plant phylogeny, including the evolution of the angiosperm carpel and anatropous bitegmic ovule. Here, we describe a new species of corystosperm seed‐bearing organ, Umkomasia mongolica sp. nov., based on hundreds of three‐dimensionally preserved mesofossils from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia. Individual seed‐bearing units of U. mongolica consist of a bract subtending an axis that bifurcates, with each fork (cupule stalk) bearing a cupule near the tip. Each cupule is formed by the strongly reflexed cupule stalk and two lateral flaps that partially enclose an erect seed. The seed is borne at, or close to, the tip of the reflexed cupule stalk, with the micropyle oriented towards the stalk base. The corystosperm cupule is generally interpreted as a modified leaf that bears a seed on its abaxial surface. However, U. mongolica suggests that an earlier interpretation, in which the seed is borne directly on an axis (shoot), is equally likely. The ‘axial’ interpretation suggests a possible relationship of corystosperms to Ginkgo. It also suggests that the cupules of corystosperms may be less distinct from those of Caytonia than has previously been supposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Cretaceous Umkomasia from Mongolia: implications for homology of corystosperm cupules

et al. 2016

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“…The studied outcrop was previously correlated with the type section of the Passo das Tropas Member (Guerra-Sommer et al, 1999), due to its proximity, the sedimentary facies, and the composition of the Dicroidium Flora previously published (Barboni & Dutra, 2015;Barboni et al, 2016). The paleoflora registered were Xylopteris sp., Baiera, Sphenobaiera, and Ginkgo-related fertile forms, which extended the Passo das Tropas Member to the Carnian, being assigned to the Ladinian-Carnian boundary, Passo das Tropas Member, Santa Maria Formation, of the Paraná Basin (Barboni & Dutra, 2015;Barboni et al, 2016).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 85%

Record of gall abundance as a possible episode of radiation and speciation of galling insects, Triassic, Southern Brazil

Cenci

Adami-Rodrigues

2017

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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A possible episode of coevolution between galling insects and plants is reported. It was identified by a high infestation (density) of fossil gall found on the compressed Dicroidium Flora from the Triassic (Ladinian-Carnian) Passo das Tropas Member, Santa Maria Formation, Paraná Basin. The galls were found on phytofossils in 2.2 m thick mudstones with horizontal lamination, intercalated between coarse and medium-grained sandstones with clasts and cross-lamination at the base and top of the section. The associations were identified with a stereomicroscope, after which they were quantified within each botanical group, along with their type, in order to calculate the average number of galls per leaf (density). The overall density found was 4.018. Corystospermales was the predominant botanical group (87.81%), with a gall density of 4.281, followed by Ginkgoales, Equisetales, and Incertae sedis. Current ecological studies indicate that a xerophytic paleoenvironment correlates with high infestations of galling insects. However, many taphonomic, biological, and ecological factors may be involved, resulting in different hypotheses from the same data. On the other hand, they support the interpretations of this record in other aspects discussed. Furthermore, the identified gall density can be interpreted from a paleobiogeographical perspective, showing dispersion at low altitudes and intermediate subtropical latitudes (25º to 38º S or N).

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“…Horn et al (2018b) identified some climatic changes between the SMS biozones, from driest to wetter, in particular between the lowermost (Dinodontosaurus and Santacruzodon) and the uppermost (Hyperodapedon and Riograndia). Guerra-Sommer and Klepzig (2000) and Barboni and Dutra (2015) reported occurrences of leaves, Cuticule fragments and ex situ fossil woods, with a predominance of the genus Dicroidium, in the Middle-Upper Triassic package (Passo das Tropas Member) paleoflora. This genus includes the Division Ginkgophyta.…”

Section: Elements(%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This genus includes the Division Ginkgophyta. Such occurrences were first assigned to the Anisian-Ladinian age (Guerra-Sommer and Klepzig 2000), but recent studies comparing these ginkgophytes with those from different Gondwanan assemblages attributed a Carnian age for these Brazilian deposits (Barboni and Dutra 2015). This age is correlated to the Hyperodapedon's AZ dating.…”

Section: Elements(%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical study of the vertebrate assemblage zones of the Santa Maria Supersequence (Middle to Late Triassic), Paraná Basin, Brazil

et al. 2020

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First record of Ginkgo-related fertile organs (Hamshawvia, Stachyopitys) and leaves (Baiera, Sphenobaiera) in the Triassic of Brazil, Santa Maria formation

Cited by 37 publications

References 67 publications

Early Cretaceous Umkomasia from Mongolia: implications for homology of corystosperm cupules

Early Cretaceous Umkomasia from Mongolia: implications for homology of corystosperm cupules

Record of gall abundance as a possible episode of radiation and speciation of galling insects, Triassic, Southern Brazil

Geochemical study of the vertebrate assemblage zones of the Santa Maria Supersequence (Middle to Late Triassic), Paraná Basin, Brazil

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