First record of<i>Quadrastichus mendeli</i>, a parasitoid of<i>Leptocybe invasa</i>, in South Africa

Bush, Samantha J.; Dittrich-Schroder, Gudrun; Neser, S.; Gevers, Caitlin R.; Baffoe, Kwabena Owusu; Slippers, Bernard; Hurley, Brett Phillip

doi:10.2989/20702620.2017.1318347

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It prefers to parasitize young and mature larvae of L. invasa , with a percentage of parasitism at 84.20±11.40 (Kim et al, 2008; Zheng et al, 2017). Q. mendeli is now successfully established in Australia, China, Cambodia, India, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Laos, South Africa, Thailand, and Vietnam (Lawson et al, 2014; Mendel et al, 2017; Bush et al, 2018), and it effectively controls L. invasa populations in the field (Kim et al, 2008). Q. mendeli is likely to have existed in many other countries worldwide but has not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of Female Antennal Sensilla of an Endoparasitoid Wasp,Quadrastichus mendeliKim & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae)

et al. 2018

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The antennal sensilla of female Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopy in this study. The antenna of Q. mendeli was geniculate, and the flagellum was composed of seven subsegments. Six distinct types of sensory receptors were observed, including sensilla basiconic capitate peg, sensilla böhm, sensilla chaetica, sensilla campaniformia, sensilla placodea and sensilla trichodea. Sensilla basiconic capitate pegs were found on the flagellomeres, and Böhm sensilla were found on the basal part of scape and the pedicel. Two morphological subtypes of sensilla chaetica were found on the antennae, and sensilla campaniformia were only found on the pedicel. Sensilla placodea were divided into two morphological subtypes that were found on the flagellomeres. Sensilla trichodea were found on the 2nd-6th flagellomere. By comparison to existing antennal sensilla, it was found that sensilla basiconic capitate peg, sensilla chaetica, sensilla placodea and sensilla trichodea were the most common sensilla of the parasitoids of Eulophidae. The external and internal morphology, types, number, distribution, length, and width of these sensilla were described, and their possible functions are discussed in conjunction with the host-detection behavior. Future studies on the host location mechanisms in Q. mendeli will be facilitated by these observations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of Female Antennal Sensilla of an Endoparasitoid Wasp,Quadrastichus mendeliKim & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae)

et al. 2018

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“…Because the name M. zvimendeli has been cited in publications regarding the species' use in biocontrol (Dittrich-Schröder et al ., 2014; Bush et al ., 2017; Mendel et al ., 2017), precedence was given to M. zvimendeli Doğanlar and Hassan 2013 (the Principle of the First Reviser, Article 24.2, ICZN Code). Megastigmus judikingae Doğanlar and Hassan 2010 becomes a junior synonym.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the name M. zvimendeli has been cited in publications regarding the species' use in biocontrol (Dittrich-Schröder et al, 2014;Bush et al, 2017;Mendel et al, 2017) Megastigmus sichuanensis Doğanlar & Zheng was described in 2017 (Doğanlar et al, 2017;Huang et al, 2017). Nuclear 28S DNA and mitochondrial COI DNA sequences obtained from specimens provided by our colleagues in China fully matched M. zvimendeli ( fig.…”

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confidence: 93%

Multivariate ratio analysis and DNA markers reveal a new Australian species and three synonymies in eucalypt-gall-associatedMegastigmus(Hymenoptera: Megastigmidae)

Nahrung

Morgan

et al. 2020

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The genus Megastigmus Dalman, 1820 (Hymenoptera: Megastigmidae) contains potential biocontrol agents of the invasive eucalypt galling chalcid Leptocybe spp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with several species reported in various parts of the world. Species discrimination is challenging due to intraspecific morphological variation, difficulty in measuring sizes of body parts, and the lack of information regarding the global distribution of parasitic Megastigmus. We used two species commonly associated with Leptocybe in its native range to review taxonomic methods and determine the most reliable morphological characters in species delimitation. We examined size variation of body characters, and conducted species discrimination using multivariate ratio analysis, mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and nuclear 28S rDNA (28S) sequences. Morphological traits were effective in species delimitation yet revealed high variation in several characters employed in current keys. Knowledge generated on morphology and DNA justified the description of a new species, M. manonae, sp. n., the first record of M. pretorianensis in Australia, and revised diagnostic characters for M. zvimendeli. Based on these diagnostic characters and molecular data, we synonymize three species (M. judikingae, syn. n., from Australia, M. sichuanensis, syn. n., from China and M. icipeensis, syn. n., from Kenya) with M. zvimendeli. Our findings highlight the importance of molecular markers in assisting taxonomic decision-making and the need for coordinated work in identifying Megastigmus associated with Leptocybe spp.

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“…Female Q. mendeli prefers to parasitize young and mature larvae of L. invasa with a percentage of parasitism of 84.20 ± 11.40 23 . Q. mendeli has now been successfully established and effectively controls L. invasa populations in elds in Australia, China, Cambodia, India, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Laos, South Africa, Thailand and Vietnam [25][26][27][28][29] . Previous studies revealed that sensory genes of parasitoids play important roles in locating hosts 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Geneidentificationin the Transcriptome of the Ectoparasitoid Quadrastichus Mendeliinthe Eucalyptus Gall wasp Leptocybe Invasa

Huang¹,

Wang²,

Lu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Gall-inducing insects live within plant tissues and induce tumor-like growth that provides insects with food, shelter, and protection from natural enemies. Interestingly, these insects can be precisely targeted by parasitoids. However, the chemical mechanism of the host location by parasitoids of gall-inducing insects has not been elucidated. Empirical evidence has shown that sensory genes play a key role in the host location of parasitoids. To date, the sensory genes that regulate parasitoids to locate gall-inducing insects have not been uncovered. An obligate ectoparasitoid, Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), is one of the most important parasitoids of Leptocybe invasa, which is a global gall-making pest in eucalyptus plantations. Therefore, Q. mendeli - L. invasa provides an ideal system to study the way that parasitoids use sensory genes in gall-making pests. In this study, we present the transcriptome of Q. mendeli using high-throughput sequencing. In total, 31820 transcripts were obtained and assembled into 26925 unigenes in Q. mendeli. Then, the major sensory genes were identified, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with these genes from Q. mendeli and other model insect species. Three chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 10 gustatory receptors (GRs), 21 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 58 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 30 odorant receptors (ORs) and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) were identified in Q. mendeli by bioinformatics analysis. Our report is the first to obtain abundant biological information on the transcriptome of Q. mendeli that provided valuable information regarding the molecular basis of Q. mendeli perception, and it may help to understand the host location of parasitoids of gall-making pests.

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First record ofQuadrastichus mendeli, a parasitoid ofLeptocybe invasa, in South Africa

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Ultrastructure of Female Antennal Sensilla of an Endoparasitoid Wasp,Quadrastichus mendeliKim & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae)

Ultrastructure of Female Antennal Sensilla of an Endoparasitoid Wasp,Quadrastichus mendeliKim & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae)

Multivariate ratio analysis and DNA markers reveal a new Australian species and three synonymies in eucalypt-gall-associatedMegastigmus(Hymenoptera: Megastigmidae)

Sensory Geneidentificationin the Transcriptome of the Ectoparasitoid Quadrastichus Mendeliinthe Eucalyptus Gall wasp Leptocybe Invasa

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