First record of Langobardisaurus (Diapsida, Protorosauria) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of Austria, and a revision of the genus

Saller, Franco; Renesto, Silvio; Vecchia, Fabio M. Dalla

doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2013/0319

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although the transverse processes of the second caudal vertebra are scattered, they are slightly longer than those from the first caudal vertebra. The anterior caudal vertebrae also present distinct transverse processes in Tanystropheus and Langobardisaurus [10,30].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fourth digit of non-archosauriform archosauromorph pes (e.g., rhynchosaurs, Trilophosaurus, Prolacerta) is the longest, whereas digit 3 is the longest in Euparkeria Broom, 1913 (UMCZ T692) and all archosaurs in which this character can be accessed [1,2,41]. Metatarsals increase in size from the first to the fourth toe in Macrocnemus bassanii (T 2477; A III/208; T 2472), Amotosaurus (SMNS 54810), Prolacerta, and Langobardisaurus [15,17,30,42]. The metatarsus of Tanystropheus is asymmetrical, although not in the same degree as Macrocnemus and Langobardisaurus as, in Tanystropheus, the third metatarsal is the longest.…”

Section: Pesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new archosauromorph from South America provides insights on the early diversification of tanystropheids

et al. 2020

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After the Permo-Triassic mass extinction, the archosauromorph fossil record is comparatively abundant and ecologically diverse. Among early archosauromorphs, tanystropheids gained considerable attention due to the presence of extreme skeletal adaptations in response to sometimes overspecialized lifestyles. The origin and early radiation of Tanystropheidae, however, remains elusive. Here, a new Early Triassic archosauromorph is described and phylogenetically recovered as the sister-taxon of Tanystropheidae. The new specimen, considered a new genus and species, comprises a complete posterior limb articulated with pelvic elements. It was recovered from the Sanga do Cabral Formation (Sanga do Cabral Supersequence, Lower Triassic of the Paraná Basin, Southern Brazil), which has already yielded a typical Early Triassic vertebrate assemblage of temnospondyls, procolophonoids, and scarce archosauromorph remains. This new taxon provides insights on the early diversification of tanystropheids and represents further evidence for a premature wide geographical distribution of this clade. The morphology of the new specimen is consistent with a terrestrial lifestyle, suggesting that this condition was plesiomorphic for Tanystropheidae.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new archosauromorph from South America provides insights on the early diversification of tanystropheids

et al. 2020

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“…Not drawn to scale. (Saller et al 2013). The Late Triassic drepanosaurids have long and slender limbs with hollow bones (Renesto 1994a, p. 41;Renesto et al 2010, p. 64).…”

Section: Problematic Occurrencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triassic pterosaurs

Vecchia

2013

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Pterosaurs are a clade of highly specialized, volant archosauromorphs recorded from the Upper Triassic to the uppermost Cretaceous. Problematic remains referred to the Pterosauria are reported from the Triassic of Europe and both North and South America, but unequivocal pterosaur specimens are only known from the Alps (Italy, Austria and Switzerland: Preondactylus buffarinii, Austriadactylus cristatus, Peteinosaurus zambellii, Eudimorphodon ranzii, Carniadactylus rosenfeldi, Caviramus schesaplanensis and Raeticodactylus filisurensis) and Greenland (‘Eudimorphodon’ cromptonellus). Pterosaurs are diagnosed mostly by features associated with the advent of powered flight. They are generally considered to be archosaurians more closely related to dinosaurs than to crocodilians, but non-archosaurian positions have also been proposed. There is a lack of general agreement about ingroup relationships, particularly among the basal pterosaurs. Triassic pterosaurs differ from other non-pterodactyloid pterosaurs in features of the dentition and caudal vertebral column. A ‘Big Bang’ model for their early history fits better with the fossil record: the earliest unequivocal pterosaurs show a sudden and geographically limited appearance in the fossil record, as well as a relatively high burst of diversity and considerable morphologic disparity. Absence of pterosaur remains from deposits where they are expected to be found suggests that they had not yet evolved in pre-Norian times.

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“…On the other hand, Tanystropheidae, according to recent phylogenetic analyses Pritchard et al, 2015;Ezcurra, 2016), include at least M. bassanii and Tanystropheus longobardicus from the upper Anisian-lower Ladinian of Switzerland and Italy, M. fuyuanensis from the Ladinian of Yunnan Province, southern China (Li et al, 2007;Jiang et al, 2011), Langobardisaurus pandolfii from the Norian of Italy and Austria (Renesto and Dalla Vecchia, 2007;Saller et al, 2013), Tanytrachelos ahynis from the Norian of Virginia, USA (Olsen, 1979), new Tanystropheidae remains from the middle Norian of New Mexico, USA and Amotosaurus rotfeldensis from the lower Anisian of Germany (Fraser and Rieppel, 2006). Although not specified in those studies, material of Augustaburiania vatagini from the Olenekian of Russia (Sennikov, 2011), M. obristi from the lower Ladinian of Switzerland (Fraser and Furrer, 2013), Tanystropheus sp.…”

Section: Paleogeography Of Macrocnemusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteology of a New Specimen of Macrocnemus aff. M. fuyuanensis (Archosauromorpha, Protorosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Europe: Potential Implications for Species Recognition and Paleogeography of Tanystropheid Protorosaurs

et al. 2017

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Over the past two decades, a wealth of marine and terrestrial reptiles, including protorosaurian archosauromorphs, has been described from Triassic shales and limestone layers in southern China. Recovered from the eastern margin of the Tethys Ocean, these forms often show remarkable similarities to taxa that were previously known and described from Europe, i.e., the western Tethyan margin. One protorosaurian that is known from the western and the eastern Tethyan province is the genus Macrocnemus, with currently three recognized species: (1) Macrocnemus bassanii from the Middle Triassic Besano Formation and Meride Limestone (late Anisian-early Ladinian), UNESCO World Heritage Site Monte San Giorgio, Ticino, Switzerland; (2) Macrocnemus obristi from the Prosanto Formation (early Ladinian) of the Ducan area, Grisons, Switzerland; and (3) Macrocnemus fuyuanensis from the Falang Formation (Ladinian), Yunnan Province, southern China. Recently a new specimen, PIMUZ T 1559, from the upper Besano Formation at Meride, Ticino, Switzerland, was prepared, revealing a disarticulated skeleton which includes most of the cranium and lower jaw, pre-caudal vertebral column and ribs, the forelimbs, and girdle elements. Unambiguously assignable to the genus Macrocnemus, it evinces particularly gracile elongated cervical ribs, as well as a humerus/radius ratio that is comparable only to that of M. fuyuanensis from southern China. Based on this feature we tentatively recognize the new specimen as M. aff. fuyuanensis from Europe. The position and exquisite preservation of the clavicle and interclavicle in this specimen allows a revision of the shoulder girdle of Macrocnemus when articulated, which also has implications for closely related protorosaurian taxa, Jaquier et al.Osteology and Paleogeography of Macrocnemus such as the long-necked Tanystropheus. Furthermore, differences in the shape and morphology of the interclavicle including pointed wing-like lateral processes and a short, fusiform caudal process represent rare discrete characters that allow separation of the specimens of M. bassanii from the new specimen of M. aff. fuyuanensis.

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First record of Langobardisaurus (Diapsida, Protorosauria) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of Austria, and a revision of the genus

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

A new archosauromorph from South America provides insights on the early diversification of tanystropheids

A new archosauromorph from South America provides insights on the early diversification of tanystropheids

Triassic pterosaurs

Osteology of a New Specimen of Macrocnemus aff. M. fuyuanensis (Archosauromorpha, Protorosauria) from the Middle Triassic of Europe: Potential Implications for Species Recognition and Paleogeography of Tanystropheid Protorosaurs

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