First record of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (Squaliformes: Somniosidae) in the Siberian Arctic with notes on its distribution and biology

Чернова, Н. В.; Смирнова, Е. В.; Расхожева, Е. В.

doi:10.1134/s0032945215060053

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Greenland sharks ( Somniosus microcephalus ) are known from the Canadian Arctic eastward, including Greenland and Svalbard through to the Laptev Sea (Chernova et al. ), south to Iceland and Nova Scotia on the eastern seaboard of Canada (MacNeil et al., ) in the western Atlantic and south to the United Kingdom and southernmost Norway (in deepwater areas). Pacific sleeper sharks ( Somniosus pacificus ), on the other hand, range from the Bering Sea south throughout the deep waters of the Pacific and into the Southern Ocean (Yano et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of currently recognized Somniosus species varies according to sources, with species regarded as geographically isolated from one another despite little differences in physical appearance having occurred among sister taxa over their evolutionary histories (Yano, Stevens, & Compagno, 2004). Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) are known from the Canadian Arctic eastward, including Greenland and Svalbard through to the Laptev Sea (Chernova et al 2015), south to Iceland and Nova Scotia on the eastern seaboard of Canada (MacNeil et al, 2012) in the western Atlantic and south to the United Kingdom and southernmost Norway (in deepwater areas). Pacific sleeper sharks (Somniosus pacificus), on the other hand, range from the Bering Sea south throughout the deep waters of the Pacific and into the Southern Ocean (Yano et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origins of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus): Impacts of ice‐olation and introgression

Walter

Roy

Hussey

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Herein, we use genetic data from 277 sleeper sharks to perform coalescent‐based modeling to test the hypothesis of early Quaternary emergence of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) from ancestral sleeper sharks in the Canadian Arctic‐Subarctic region. Our results show that morphologically cryptic somniosids S. microcephalus and Somniosus pacificus can be genetically distinguished using combined mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers. Our data confirm the presence of genetically admixed individuals in the Canadian Arctic and sub‐Arctic, and temperate Eastern Atlantic regions, suggesting introgressive hybridization upon secondary contact following the initial species divergence. Conservative substitution rates fitted to an Isolation with Migration (IM) model indicate a likely species divergence time of 2.34 Ma, using the mitochondrial sequence DNA, which in conjunction with the geographic distribution of admixtures and Pacific signatures likely indicates speciation associated with processes other than the closing of the Isthmus of Panama. This time span coincides with further planetary cooling in the early Quaternary period followed by the onset of oscillating glacial‐interglacial cycles. We propose that the initial S. microcephalus–S. pacificus split, and subsequent hybridization events, were likely associated with the onset of Pleistocene glacial oscillations, whereby fluctuating sea levels constrained connectivity among Arctic oceanic basins, Arctic marginal seas, and the North Atlantic Ocean. Our data demonstrates support for the evolutionary consequences of oscillatory vicariance via transient oceanic isolation with subsequent secondary contact associated with fluctuating sea levels throughout the Quaternary period—which may serve as a model for the origins of Arctic marine fauna on a broad taxonomic scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus): Impacts of ice‐olation and introgression

Walter

Roy

Hussey

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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“…), zoarcids (Lycodes), as well as by the East-Siberian cod Arctogadusborisovi. 34 In studied areas, the salinity range varied from 13.32 to 35.08‰. However, the Polar cod was caught mainly in the limited range of high salinity, 27.39-35.00‰.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The Polar cod itself was the main food of the Greenland halibut Reinhardtiushippoglossoides, abundant near the edge of the Laptev-Sea slope, in warm water masses of the Atlantic origin. 33,34 Other predators that can be fattened by the Polar cod are Greenland Shark Somniosus microcephalus and Polar skate Amblyrajahyperborea, the recent capture of which in the north of the Laptev Sea (about 240m) suggests their permanent habitat along the slope in the same warm waters mass. 34 On the other hand, large predatory fish are not recorded on the cold shallow shelf of seas from Kara to East-Siberian.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33,34 Other predators that can be fattened by the Polar cod are Greenland Shark Somniosus microcephalus and Polar skate Amblyrajahyperborea, the recent capture of which in the north of the Laptev Sea (about 240m) suggests their permanent habitat along the slope in the same warm waters mass. 34 On the other hand, large predatory fish are not recorded on the cold shallow shelf of seas from Kara to East-Siberian. In these areas the Polar cod, mainly juveniles, can be fed by large specimens of arctic sculpins (G.tricuspis, Myoxocephalussp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arctic Cod in the Russian Arctic: New Data, With Notes on Intraspecific Forms

Чернова¹

2018

JAMB

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The Polar cod Boreogadus saida, from Siberian shelf is largely unstudied. Comparative results are presented for the Barents, Pechora, Kara, Laptev and East-Siberian seas. Surveys included 325 bottom catches, 234 pelagic and 72 Sigs by trawls at 385 stations. It is quantitatively confirmed that B.saida dominates in arctic areas. The maximum length is 29.0cm and age 7+ (Laptev Sea). It prefers temperatures in the range -1.8 to +2.3°C. Polar cod is represented by several intraspecific forms differing in proportions of body, size and position of fins and in coloration. It remains a mystery in what places the spawning of this fish occurs in the Arctic. A hypothesis is proposed that B.saida spawns in a system of winter quasi stationary polynya which may extend from the White Sea to the Chukchi Sea along the edge of fast ice. The local regimes of their functioning create the preconditions for existing of a number of stocks or populations within circumpolar range.

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Eastward journey: a second capture and first genetically confirmed record of Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus in the Laptev Sea (Siberian Arctic)

Orlov,

Orlova

2024

Environ Biol Fish

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First record of the Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (Squaliformes: Somniosidae) in the Siberian Arctic with notes on its distribution and biology

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Origins of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus): Impacts of ice‐olation and introgression

Origins of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus): Impacts of ice‐olation and introgression

Arctic Cod in the Russian Arctic: New Data, With Notes on Intraspecific Forms

Eastward journey: a second capture and first genetically confirmed record of Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus in the Laptev Sea (Siberian Arctic)

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