First report and multilocus genotyping of <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

Luo, Run; Xiang, Leiqiong; Liu, Haifeng; Zhong, Zhijun; Liu, Li; Deng, Lei; Shi, Yuan; Liu, Ling; Xiao-hong, Huang; Zhou, Ziyao; Fu, Hualin; Luo, Yan; Peng, Guangneng

doi:10.1101/327767

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Although high infection rates were observed in 1–2 year-old pigs (41.51%, 22/53) and 0–1 year-olds (33.33%, 61/183), these rates were not significantly different ( χ 2 = 1.240, df = 1, p > 0.05). The results of the present paper were previously published as a preprint [26]. With an overall infection rate of 31.2%, this rate is lower than the documented prevalence of E. bieneusi for wild boars in Sichuan province, China (41.2%), pigs in Henan province, China (45.5%), wild boars in central Europe (33.3%), and pigs in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (59.3%) [10, 24, 28, 46].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

et al. 2019

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Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common intestinal pathogen in a variety of animals. While E. bieneusi genotypes have become better-known, there are few reports on its prevalence in the Tibetan pig. This study investigated the prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi in the Tibetan pig in southwestern China. Tibetan pig feces (266 samples) were collected from three sites in the southwest of China. Feces were subjected to PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected in 83 (31.2%) of Tibetan pigs from the three different sites, with 25.4% in Kangding, 56% in Yaan, and 26.7% in Qionglai. Prevalence varies according to age group, from 24.4% (age 0–1 years) to 44.4% (age 1–2 years). Four genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified: two known genotypes EbpC (n = 58), Henan-IV (n = 24) and two novel genotypes, SCT01 and SCT02 (one of each). We compare our results with a compilation of published results on the host range and geographical distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed these four genotypes clustered to group 1 with zoonotic potential. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of three microsatellites (MS1, MS3, MS7) and one minisatellite (MS4) was successful in 47, 48, 23 and 47 positive specimens and identified 10, 10, 5 and 5 genotypes at four loci, respectively. This study indicates the potential danger of E. bieneusi to Tibetan pigs in southwestern China, and offers basic advice for preventing and controlling infections.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

et al. 2019

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“…Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) based on sequence analysis of four markers (MS1, MS3, MS4 and MS7) with simple tandem repeats and the ITS has been used in investigating the transmission dynamics of E. bieneusi in humans and some animals, including pigs, sheep, rabbits, calves, black bears, giant pandas and horses [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Thus far, only three studies have used the MLST analysis to characterize E. bieneusi isolates in NHPs, and only one study has found the presence of an overall clonal population structure and an epidemic population structure in subpopulations of this pathogen in NHPs [11,36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus sequence typing of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Hainan, China

Chen

Guo

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi is one of common intestinal pathogens in humans and animals including nonhuman primates (NHPs). Many zoonotic pathogens including E. bieneusi have been found in these animals. However, there are few studies on the population structure of E. bieneusi in NHPs. To infer the gene diversity and population genetics of E. bieneusi, we selected 88 E. bieneusi-positive samples from crab-eating macaques for multilocus characterizations in this study.Methods: The E. bieneusi isolates examined belonged to three common genotypes with different host ranges by sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS): Type IV (n = 44), Macaque3 (n = 24) and Peru8 (n = 20). They were further characterized by sequence analysis at four microsatellite and minisatellite loci (MS1, MS3, MS4 and MS7). DnaSP, Arlequin and LIAN were used to analyze the sequence data together with those from the ITS locus to infer the population genetics. Subpopulation structure was inferred using phylogenetic and STRU CTU RE analyses.Results: Seventy-two (81.8%), 71 (80.7%), 76 (86.4%) and 79 (89.8%) samples were amplified and sequenced successfully at the MS1, MS3, MS4 and MS7 loci, respectively, with 53 having sequence data at all five MLST loci including ITS. Altogether, 33 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were produced based on concatenated sequences from the 53 samples. In phylogenetic analyses of sequences and allelic data, four major subpopulations (SPs) were observed with different ITS genotypes in each of them: Type IV and Peru8 in SP1 and SP2; Type IV, Macaque3 and Peru8 in SP3; and Type IV and Macaque3 in SP4. SP3 and SP4 were phylogenetically related and might be NHP-specific based on the fact that Macaque3 is mostly found in NHPs. A strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) was observed among the multilocus sequences and allelic data. Conclusions:The significant LD in the multilocus sequence analysis indicated the presence of an overall clonal population structure of E. bieneusi in crab-eating macaques. The inconsistent segregation of MLGs among ITS genotypes © The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article' s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article' Publisher's NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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“…It has been observed that pigs can be infected with microsporidia spores at an early age, consequently the animals excrete spores throughout their lives which can contaminate the environment (Sak et al., 2008). Therefore, using untreated pig manure as fertilizer that may be a potential source of infection in humans and animal population, which in turn can be a risk to public health (Zhao et al., 2014, Luo et al., 2019). In many countries of the world, pigs are the major sources of meat production (Dione et al., 2017, Tisdell, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global molecular epidemiology of microsporidia in pigs and wild boars with emphasis on Enterocytozoon bieneusi: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Taghipour

Bahadory

Khazaei

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: Microsporidia are spore-forming intracellular pathogens with worldwide prevalence, causing emerging infections in humans and animals. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic species of microsporidia and is responsible for more than 90% of cases of microsporidiosis in humans and animals. Pigs and wild boars are important animal reservoirs of microsporidia. Hence, we aimed to estimate the global prevalence of microsporidia and genetic diversity of E. bieneusi in pigs and wild boars through a set of systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.Methods: Four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar) were searched between January 1, 2000 and April 30, 2021. Regarding meta-analysis, the random-effect model was employed by forest plot with 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: After exclusion of irrelevant articles and duplication removal, 33 papers, including 34 datasets (30 datasets for domestic pigs and 4 for wild boars) finally meet the inclusion criteria to undergo meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence rates of microsporidia infection in domestic pigs and wild boars were 37.6% (95% CI: 30.8-44.9%) and 8.1% (95% CI: 2.1-26.8%), respectively. While, the pooled prevalence rates of E. bieneusi were 35% (95% CI: 28.4-42.2%) in domestic pigs and 10.1% (95% CI: 1.7-42.4%) in wild boars. The genotypes EbpA was the most reported genotype in domestic pigs and wild boars. Male animals had higher prevalence rates of microsporidia infection than females (27 vs. 17.4%, OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 0.77-4.71%). Conclusion:This study indicates the important role of domestic pigs and wild boars as animal reservoir hosts of microsporidia. Thereby, strategies for control and prevention of these zoonotic pathogens should be designed in pigs and wild boars.

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First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

Multilocus sequence typing of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Hainan, China

Global molecular epidemiology of microsporidia in pigs and wild boars with emphasis on Enterocytozoon bieneusi: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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