First Report of an Infant Botulism Case Due to Clostridium botulinum Type Af

Jong, Laura I. T. de; Fernández, Rafael; Pareja, Virtudes; Giaroli, Gabriel; Guidarelli, Sergio R.; Dykes, Janet K.; Lúquez, Carolina

doi:10.1128/jcm.02894-14

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that some lineages are associated with specific geographic locations. For example, lineages with type Af strains are dominant in Argentina [67], a geographical localisation of Group I clades has been identified in California [62], two dominant Group I type B clades have been identified in the Nordic environment [68], and it was possible to distinguish the neurotoxin-encoding plasmid in Group II subtype B4 strains isolated from European terrestrial environments and from marine (notably North America) environments [25]. Group II type E strains are frequently present in arctic and subarctic regions, but interestingly have now also been found in the southern hemisphere [57].…”

Section: Impact Of Genomic Diversity On Food Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Peck

Vliet

2016

Current Opinion in Food Science

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Section: Impact Of Genomic Diversity On Food Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Peck

Vliet

2016

Current Opinion in Food Science

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“…For example, BoNT/A2, F4, and F5 were produced by a C. botulinum strain named Af84 ( Kalb et al, 2014 ). In a case of infant botulism, C. botulinum type Af has been isolated and cultured from the stool sample ( De Jong et al, 2015 ). However, here, specimens were handled without further anaerobic isolation and culturing except vomitus samples; therefore, we do not know the exact type of the pathogenic strains and whether existing a multi-toxin-producing C. botulinum strain in these mixed serotypes validated clinical samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotype Features of 17 Suspected Cases of Foodborne Botulism in China 2019–2022 Revealed by a Multiplex Immuno-Endopep-MS Method

Wang¹,

Xu²,

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Diagnosis of botulism caused by multiple serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is still a challenge due to the lack of a reliable detection method. The present study develops a feasible laboratorial method based on an isotope dilution Immuno-Endopep-MS to detect BoNTs and determine their serotypes and activities in clinical samples. Eleven positive foodborne botulism cases out of a total of 17 suspected cases in China, 2019–2022, were determined by the established method. Blood, urine, vomitus, gastric mucosa samples, and food samples were employed and evidenced to be suitable for the detection. Results showed that, although single type A-intoxication was still the first cause among these foodborne botulism cases, other causes involving type E, type B, and their mixed types were also determined, providing a glimpse to the serotype profile of botulism happened in recent years in China. Furthermore, in order to provide insights into in vivo profiles of toxin serotypes, a comprehensive analysis of clinical specimens collected from one family of four patients was performed during a clinically and therapeutically relevant time frame. Serotypes and concentrations of BoNT in specimens revealed a good correlation with symptoms and progresses of disease. Additionally, serum was proved to be more suitable for detection of BoNT/A with a detection window up to 12 days. A urine sample, although rarely reported for foodborne botulism diagnosis, was validated to be suitable for testing BoNTs, with a longer detection window up to 25 days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analytical research on in vivo profiles of serotypes A, B, and E in different types of specimens from mixed botulism cases. Our method and findings facilitate the toxin detection and identification by clinical diagnostic laboratories.

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“…For example, BoNT/A2, F4 and F5 were produced by a C. botulinum strain named Af84 [38]. In a case of infant botulism, C. botulinum type Af has been isolated and cultured from the stool sample [39]. However, here specimens were handled without further anaerobic isolation and culturing except vomitus samples, therefore we do not know the exact pathogenic strains and whether existing a multi-toxin-producing C. botulinum strain.…”

Section: Blood Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of foodborne botulism with mixed serotypes A, B and E and their in vivo profiles in four types of clinical specimens

Xie¹

2022

Preprint

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Background Diagnosis of mixed botulism caused by multiple serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is still a challenge due to the lack of reliable detection method. The present study develops a feasible laboratorial method to detect BoNTs in clinical samples and aims to provide insights into in vivo profiles of different toxin serotypes. Methods An isotope dilution Endopep-MS method for simultaneously detection of seven serotypes of BoNT was established and further applied to diagnosis of mixed botulism through one-step immunocapture procedure. A comprehensive analysis of four types of clinical specimens, i.e., serum, vomitus, urine, and gastric mucosa samples, from four suspected patients was performed. Results The established robust multiplex Endopep-MS method was applied to accurately identify and monitor BoNT/A, B and E in specimens during a clinically and therapeutically relevant timeframe. Serotypes and concentrations of BoNT in specimens revealed a good correlation with symptoms and progresses of disease. Additionally, serum was evidenced to be more suitable for detection BoNT/A with a detection window up to 12 days. Urine sample, although scarcely used in foodborne botulism diagnosis, was validated to be suitable for testing BoNTs with a longer detection window up to 25 days. Conclusions This is the first comprehensive analytical research on in vivo profiles of serotypes A, B and E in different types of specimens from mixed botulism cases to the best of our knowledge, and our method and findings facilitate the toxin detection and identification by clinical diagnostic laboratories.

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First Report of an Infant Botulism Case Due to Clostridium botulinum Type Af

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Serotype Features of 17 Suspected Cases of Foodborne Botulism in China 2019–2022 Revealed by a Multiplex Immuno-Endopep-MS Method

Identification of foodborne botulism with mixed serotypes A, B and E and their in vivo profiles in four types of clinical specimens

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