First Report of B Chromosomes in Caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona)

Govindappa, Venu; Rajendran, Albert; Raju, Narayanappa Govinda; Browne, Robert K.; Ramakrishna, S.; Venkatachalaiah, G.

doi:10.1643/h2020119

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The body of literature about ichthyophid caecilians is rapidly growing, especially in the southern Western Ghats. Recent findings include the unusual diet of Ichthyophis caecilians (Venu et al 2016), first records of I. longicephalus from the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu (Venu et al 2020a), leucism in I. kodaguensis (Venu et al 2021a), B chromosomes in U. gansi (Venu et al 2021b), and anomalies in Gymnophionans from India . It is clear that the southern Western Ghats in general, and the Coorg and Chikkamagalur Districts of Karnataka in particular, are highly productive regions for future Gymnophiona research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, biology, and distribution of Ichthyophis kodaguensis (Amphibia:Gymnophiona), a rare caecilian from the Western Ghats, India

Venu,

Govindaiah Venkatachalaiah,

Gandlahalli N. Balakrishna

et al. 2024

RandA

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Of the amphibian orders, the Gymnophiona (caecilians) have the lowest number of species and are the least known. We report new information on the morphology, biology, range, and distribution of Ichthyophis kodaguensis, a striped ichthyophiid caecilian from the Western Ghats, India that shows the first evidence of possible sexual-dimorphism in this species. Based on the clutch size, limited range, relatively low fecundity, and agricultural practices in their habitats, we consider that I. kodaguensis is highly threatened when compared to other striped ichthyophiids from the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, biology, and distribution of Ichthyophis kodaguensis (Amphibia:Gymnophiona), a rare caecilian from the Western Ghats, India

Venu,

Govindaiah Venkatachalaiah,

Gandlahalli N. Balakrishna

et al. 2024

RandA

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Tetraploidy in the Boettger’s dwarf clawed frog (Pipidae: Hymenochirus boettgeri) from the Congo indicates non-conspecificity with the captive population

Gvoždík,

Knytl,

Zassi-Boulou

et al. 2023

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Cytogenetics can be used as a tool to study the evolution of polyploidy and taxonomy. Here we focus on aquatic African pipids, dwarf clawed frogs (Hymenochirus). Our study reveals that dwarf clawed frogs, present for decades in captivity, are best referred to as Hymenochirus sp. instead of the commonly used name ‘H. boettgeri’ or sometimes ‘H. curtipes’. We present the first karyotype from a morphologically identified specimen of H. boettgeri with a known locality in the north-western Congo, which is tetraploid with 2n = 36. The captive Hymenochirus species has been found diploid in previous studies with different reported chromosome numbers; here we reveal 2n = 20A + 1B chromosomes. Our findings suggest that the tetraploid H. boettgeri karyotype evolved through fusion of two biarmed chromosomes and subsequent allotetraploidization, and is functionally diploid, similar to the origin of tetraploid clawed frogs in the subgenus Xenopus. We observed the stable presence of a single B chromosome in both sexes of our individuals from the captive population of Hymenochirus sp. However, additional investigation is necessary to clarify whether there is variation in the number of A and B chromosomes among populations, individuals, and/or tissues. Further research is also needed to understand the evolution and taxonomy of the genus Hymenochirus.

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Chromatic and morphological anomalies in gymnophionans from India

Govindappa¹,

Venkatachalaiah²,

Seetharama³

et al. 2022

Herpetozoa

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Caecilians (Gymnophiona) are commonly known as limbless amphibians and are the least understood vertebrate order. In this paper, we documented skin color, eye, jaw, snout, tentacular aperture and cloacal anomalies in 12 individuals of four species belonging to the three caecilian genera Ichthyophis, Uraeotyphlus and Gegeneophis collected from hotspots of caecilian diversity in India, the Western Ghats and Northeast India. As we found the majority of these individuals in coffee and tea plantations, we discuss the possibility that anomalies are the result of exposure to agrochemicals that are frequently used in plantations.

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First Report of B Chromosomes in Caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona)

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Morphology, biology, and distribution of Ichthyophis kodaguensis (Amphibia:Gymnophiona), a rare caecilian from the Western Ghats, India

Morphology, biology, and distribution of Ichthyophis kodaguensis (Amphibia:Gymnophiona), a rare caecilian from the Western Ghats, India

Tetraploidy in the Boettger’s dwarf clawed frog (Pipidae: Hymenochirus boettgeri) from the Congo indicates non-conspecificity with the captive population

Chromatic and morphological anomalies in gymnophionans from India

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First Report of B Chromosomes in Caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona)

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Morphology, biology, and distribution of Ichthyophis kodaguensis (Amphibia:Gymnophiona), a rare caecilian from the Western Ghats, India

Morphology, biology, and distribution of Ichthyophis kodaguensis (Amphibia:Gymnophiona), a rare caecilian from the Western Ghats, India

Tetraploidy in the Boettger’s dwarf clawed frog (Pipidae: Hymenochirus boettgeri) from the Congo indicates non-conspecificity with the captive population

﻿Chromatic and morphological anomalies in gymnophionans from India

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Chromatic and morphological anomalies in gymnophionans from India