First Report of Boxwood Blight Caused by <i>Calonectria pseudonaviculata</i> in California

Blomquist, C. L.; Kosta, Kathleen; Santos, Pedraza; Rooney-Latham, S.

doi:10.1094/pdis-05-18-0765-pdn

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…comm.) or unusually wet spring and summer weather [ 121 ]. Thus, regions with Mediterranean climates will likely be at higher risk of establishment if boxwood is irrigated during periods of optimal temperatures for Cps development, or during relatively wet years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Distribution of Invasive Boxwood Blight Pathogen (Calonectriapseudonaviculata) as Predicted by Process-Based and Correlative Models

Barker

Coop

Hong

2022

Biology

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Boxwood blight caused by Cps is an emerging disease that has had devastating impacts on Buxus spp. in the horticultural sector, landscapes, and native ecosystems. In this study, we produced a process-based climatic suitability model in the CLIMEX program and combined outputs of four different correlative modeling algorithms to generate an ensemble correlative model. All models were fit and validated using a presence record dataset comprised of Cps detections across its entire known invaded range. Evaluations of model performance provided validation of good model fit for all models. A consensus map of CLIMEX and ensemble correlative model predictions indicated that not-yet-invaded areas in eastern and southern Europe and in the southeastern, midwestern, and Pacific coast regions of North America are climatically suitable for Cps establishment. Most regions of the world where Buxus and its congeners are native are also at risk of establishment. These findings provide the first insights into Cps global invasion threat, suggesting that this invasive pathogen has the potential to significantly expand its range.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Distribution of Invasive Boxwood Blight Pathogen (Calonectriapseudonaviculata) as Predicted by Process-Based and Correlative Models

Barker

Coop

Hong

2022

Biology

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“…comm.) or unusually wet spring and summers (Blomquist et al 2018). Thus, regions with Mediterranean climate will likely be at higher risk of establishment if boxwood is irrigated during periods of optimal temperatures for Cps development, or during relatively wet years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential distribution of invasive boxwood blight pathogen (Calonectria pseudonaviculata) as predicted by process-based and correlative models

Barker¹,

Coop²,

Hong³

2021

Preprint

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Boxwood blight, caused by the ascomycete fungi Calonectria pseudonaviculata and C. henricotiae, is an emerging plant disease of boxwood (Buxus spp.) that has had devastating impacts on the health and productivity of boxwood in both the horticultural sector and native ecosystems. In this study, we predicted the potential distribution of C. pseudonaviculata at regional and global scales and explored how climatic factors shape its known range limits. Our workflow combined multiple modeling algorithms to enhance the reliability and robustness of predictions. We produced a process-based climatic suitability model in the CLIMEX program and combined outputs of six different correlative modeling algorithms to generate an ensemble correlative model. All models were fit and validated using an occurrence record dataset (N = 292 records from 24 countries) comprised of positive detections of C. pseudonaviculata from across its entire known invaded range. Evaluations of model performance provided validation of good model fit for all models. A consensus map of CLIMEX and ensemble correlative model predictions indicated that not-yet-invaded areas in eastern and southern Europe and in the southeastern, midwestern, and Pacific coast regions of North America are climatically suitable for establishment. Most regions of the world where Buxus and its congeners are native are also at risk of establishment, which suggests that C. pseudonaviculata should be able to significantly expand its range globally if susceptible hosts exist. Our findings provide the first insight into the global invasion threat of boxwood blight, and are valuable to stakeholders who need to know where to focus surveillance efforts for early detection and rapid response measures to prevent or slow the spread of the disease.

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“…Although the paucity of intraspecific genetic diversity prevented comprehensive population genetic analyses, these results provide a framework for monitoring contemporary outbreaks of boxwood blight. Indeed, the use of these SSR markers to genotype two Cps isolates from two separate outbreaks of boxwood blight in the same county in the US state of California (Blomquist et al, 2018) found different genotypes at different sites (G1 and G2), suggesting different origins of the causal pathogens. Future work will employ high resolution population genomics approaches, facilitated by recent generation of highquality hybrid Pac-Bio/Illumina genome assembly for Cps CT1 (Crouch et al, 2017) to understand the interand intracontinental migration of Cps as well as how both pathogens continue to evolve in the landscape.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited genetic diversity across pathogen populations responsible for the global emergence of boxwood blight identified using SSRs

LeBlanc

Gehesquière²,

Salgado‐Salazar

et al. 2019

Plant Pathology

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Boxwood blight is an emerging disease of ornamental as well as native boxwood. The disease became widely established in Europe at the beginning of the 21st century, prior to its more recent discovery in North America and Asia. Two sister‐species of fungi cause the disease, Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Cps) and C. henricotiae (Che). Prior efforts to quantify intraspecific genetic polymorphisms of Cps and Che have yielded little information, limiting the ability to understand the evolution and migration of these pathogens. This study describes the development and implementation of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to analyse genetic diversity from a global collection of Cps and Che isolates, representing major blight outbreaks since the disease was first identified in the UK in the late 1990s. Analysis of the Cps CB002 genome sequence identified 180 single copy SSR loci using stringent search criteria, 11 of which were polymorphic and used to screen a global sample of 306 isolates. Fourteen multilocus genotypes of Cps and two multilocus genotypes of Che were identified. Twelve of the 14 Cps genotypes differed from each other by a single allele. The most common Cps genotype was found on all continents where boxwood blight is confirmed. Based on measurement of linkage disequilibrium, Cps showed no evidence of sexual recombination. Further in silico analysis identified 1594 SSRs using relaxed SSR definition criteria. Comparison of these SSR‐containing loci with Cps and Che genome sequences representing three different genotypes demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms might serve as informative genetic markers for future studies.

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First Report of Boxwood Blight Caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata in California

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Potential Distribution of Invasive Boxwood Blight Pathogen (Calonectriapseudonaviculata) as Predicted by Process-Based and Correlative Models

Potential Distribution of Invasive Boxwood Blight Pathogen (Calonectriapseudonaviculata) as Predicted by Process-Based and Correlative Models

Potential distribution of invasive boxwood blight pathogen (Calonectria pseudonaviculata) as predicted by process-based and correlative models

Limited genetic diversity across pathogen populations responsible for the global emergence of boxwood blight identified using SSRs

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