First Report of Gray Leaf Spot Caused by <i>Pyricularia grisea</i> on <i>Lolium perenne</i> in Illinois

Pedersen, D. K.; Kane, R. T.; Wilkinson, H. T.

doi:10.1094/pdis.2000.84.10.1151b

Cited by 15 publications

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“…Grey leaf spot, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (anamorph: Pyricularia oryzae), is a devastating foliar disease on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) turf (Dernoeden, 1996;Uddin, 1999;Uddin et al, 2003b). The disease has drawn great attention in the turfgrass industry as a result of severe outbreaks at golf courses in various regions of the USA during the past two decades (Landschoot & Hoyland, 1992;Schumann & Jackson, 1999;Uddin et al, 1999Uddin et al, , 2002Harmon et al, 2000;Pedersen et al, 2000;Wong & de la Cerda, 2006). Grey leaf spot epidemics are particularly prevalent in the northeastern USA, usually reported on golf course fairways during the late summer, from late July to early September (Vincelli, 1999;Uddin et al, 2003b).…”

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Effects of relative humidity on infection, colonization and conidiation ofMagnaporthe orzyaeon perennial ryegrass

Uddin

Kaminski

2013

Plant Pathology

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Grey leaf spot, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, causes severe damage on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) turf. In this study, the effects of relative humidity (RH, 88 to 100% at 28°C) on infection, colonization and conidiation of M. oryzae on perennial ryegrass were investigated in controlled humidity chambers. Results showed that the RH threshold for successful M. oryzae infection was ≥92% at 28°C. The advancement of infection on the leaf tissue was further examined with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged M. oryzae strain. No appressorium formation was found when the inoculum was incubated at RH ≤ 88%. Additionally, the GFP-tagged staining provided a rapid method to quantitatively compare the fungal colonization from leaf tissue at different levels of RH. The fluorescence intensity data indicated that the fungal biomass was highest at 100% RH and there was no fluorescence intensity observed at 88% RH or below. Conidiation was only observed when RH was ≥96%, with the most abundant conidiation occurring 8 days after inoculation. Reduced conidiation was associated with decreasing RH, and no conidiation occurred at RH ≤ 92%. This study indicates that infection and conidiation of M. oryzae on perennial ryegrass required different thresholds: 92% and 96% RH for infection and conidiation, respectively. The quantitative data from this research will assist in prediction of grey leaf spot disease outbreaks and of secondary infection of perennial ryegrass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of relative humidity on infection, colonization and conidiation ofMagnaporthe orzyaeon perennial ryegrass

Uddin

Kaminski

2013

Plant Pathology

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“…Severe outbreaks of the disease causing more than 98% loss of turf were reported in 1998 (27) and, since then, outbreaks of gray leaf spot have occurred every 2 to 3 years, resulting in seri-ous loss of turf in the northeast and mid-Atlantic region (4,27). The disease also has been reported from the Midwest (9,18,33), New England states (21), and western United States (28) in recent years. Outbreaks of gray leaf spot also have occurred on prg turf in golf courses in Japan (24).…”

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Comparative Genetic Analysis of Magnaporthe oryzae Isolates Causing Gray Leaf Spot of Perennial Ryegrass Turf in the United States and Japan

et al. 2007

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Gray leaf spot caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a serious disease of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) turf in golf course fairways in the United States and Japan. Genetic relationships among M. oryzae isolates from perennial ryegrass (prg) isolates within and between the two countries were examined using the repetitive DNA elements MGR586, Pot2, and MAGGY as DNA fingerprinting probes. In all, 82 isolates of M. oryzae, including 57 prg isolates from the United States collected from 1995 to 2001, 1 annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) isolate from the United States collected in 1972, and 24 prg isolates from Japan collected from 1996 to 1999 were analyzed in this study. Hybridization with the MGR586 probe resulted in approximately 30 DNA fragments in 75 isolates (designated major MGR586 group) and less than 15 fragments in the remaining 7 isolates (designated minor MGR586 group). Both groups were represented among the 24 isolates from Japan. All isolates from the United States, with the exception of one isolate from Maryland, belonged to the major MGR586 group. Some isolates from Japan exhibited MGR586 fingerprints that were identical to several isolates collected in Pennsylvania. Similarly, fingerprinting analysis with the Pot2 probe also indicated the presence of two distinct groups: isolates in the major MGR586 group showed fingerprinting profiles comprising 20 to 25 bands, whereas the isolates in the minor MGR586 group had less than 10 fragments. When MAGGY was used as a probe, two distinct fingerprint types, one exhibiting more than 30 hybridizing bands (type I) and the other with only 2 to 4 bands (type II), were identified. Although isolates of both types were present in the major MGR586 group, only the type II isolates were identified in the minor MGR586 group. The parsimony tree obtained from combined MGR586 and Pot2 data showed that 71 of the 82 isolates belonged to a single lineage, 5 isolates formed four different lineages, and the remaining 6 (from Japan) formed a separate lineage. This study indicates that the predominant groups of M. oryzae associated with the recent outbreaks of gray leaf spot in Japan and the United States belong to the same genetic lineage.

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“…Since the first report of gray leaf spot disease on perennial ryegrass turf in 1991, the disease has spread from the transition zone, through the Mid‐Atlantic states and north to New England (Schumann, 1999), as well as west through Indiana (Harmon et al, 2000) and Illinois (Pedersen, 2000). Additional outbreaks of gray leaf spot have been reported in California (Uddin et al, 2002).…”

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Breeding Perennial Ryegrass for Resistance to Gray Leaf Spot

et al. 2004

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genic races; thus, host resistance genes remain effective for only a few years before the pathogen population Gray leaf spot, caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) shifts to new virulent races (Bonman et al., 1992; Zhu Sacc. [teleomorph Magnaporthe grisea (T.T. Herbert) Yaegashi & Udagawa], can be a devastating disease on perennial ryegrass (Lolium et al. , 2000). This has led researchers to identify durable perenne L.). The identification and utilization of perennial ryegrass (quantitative) resistance mechanisms to more successcultivars with improved resistance to gray leaf spot would reduce the fully prevent disease outbreaks in rice (Ahn and Ou, need for fungicide applications. The objectives of this study were to: 1982; Cho et al., 1998). Chen et al. (2003) have studied (i) evaluate cultivars, experimental selections, and single-plot progequantitative disease resistance to rice blast using a renies of perennial ryegrass for resistance to gray leaf spot, (ii) develop combinant inbred line population in rice and a barley populations from selected resistant parents to determine improve-(Hordeum vulgare L.) double haploid population. They ments in the next generation, and (iii) determine heritability and the found quantitative trait loci associated with resistance response to selection for gray leaf spot resistance in perennial ryegrass in both populations and suggested that there may be populations. Two perennial ryegrass field experiments consisting of synteny in the quantitative trait loci (QTL) of blast commercial cultivars and experimental selections, were established in 2000 and 2001 at Adelphia, NJ. Susceptibility of germplasm to gray resistance between barley and rice genomes. The simileaf spot was evaluated following ephemeral natural outbreaks of the larity in QTL between rice and barley indicates that disease that occurred three to four weeks post seeding. Parents with similar resistance mechanisms may be employed by difimproved resistance to gray leaf spot were selected based on progeny ferent grass species, including perennial ryegrass. Returf plot evaluations in 2000, inter-pollinated and seeded into turf sults of Curley et al. (2003) support this hypothesis. plots in the 2001 experiment. Most cultivars and selections evaluatedSince the first report of gray leaf spot disease on in both experiments had greater than 50% gray leaf spot disease. The perennial ryegrass turf in 1991, the disease has spread high broad-sense heritability estimate (0.92) and similar response of from the transition zone, through the Mid-Atlantic states progeny compared to selected parents indicated that parent selection and north to New England (Schumann, 1999), as well as based on progeny tests was a good selection method to predict the west through Indiana (Harmon et al., 2000) and Illinois combining ability of the parents. It also proved successful in improving gray leaf spot resistance in the next generation, which will be important

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First Report of Gray Leaf Spot Caused by Pyricularia grisea on Lolium perenne in Illinois

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of relative humidity on infection, colonization and conidiation ofMagnaporthe orzyaeon perennial ryegrass

Effects of relative humidity on infection, colonization and conidiation ofMagnaporthe orzyaeon perennial ryegrass

Comparative Genetic Analysis of Magnaporthe oryzae Isolates Causing Gray Leaf Spot of Perennial Ryegrass Turf in the United States and Japan

Breeding Perennial Ryegrass for Resistance to Gray Leaf Spot

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